Qualitative Research On Research Methods Essay - 839 Words

This type of research methods involve describing in detail specific situation using research tools like interviews, surveys, and Observations. Qualitative Research is primarily exploratory research. It is used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative research. Qualitative Research is also used to uncover trends in thought and opinions, and dive deeper into the problem. Qualitative data collection methods vary using unstructured or semi-structured techniques. Some common methods include focus groups (group discussions), individual interviews, and participation/observations. The sample size is typically small, and respondents are selected to fulfill a given quota. so it is useful for each and every methods. Quantitative This type of research methods requires quantifiable data involving numerical and statistical explanations. Quantitative Research is used to quantify the problem by way of generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into usable statistics. It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables – and generalize results from a larger sample population. Quantitative Research uses measurable data to formulate facts and uncover patterns in research. Quantitative data collection methhelloys face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, longitudinal studies, website interceptors, onlineShow MoreRelatedQualitative Research : Research Methods1166 Words   |  5 Pages Qualitative Research Name: Allana Sibille SOC 333: Research Methods Professor: Risa Garelick December 3rd, 2015 Qualitative Research Qualitative research reflects the multiple ways researcher’s collect data and explore information through literature review. Participant’s review is often observed for analysis while â€Å"the role of the researcher focuses as the primary data collection instrument necessitates the identification of personal values, assumptions and biases at the outsetRead MoreQualitative Research : Research Methods1219 Words   |  5 PagesQualitative Research Justin Netcher SOC 333: Research Methods Jeremy Baker December 19, 2016 Qualitative Research Qualitative research reflects different ways that researcher’s collect data and explore all of the information through literature review. Participant’s that are reviewing is often observed for analysis while â€Å"the role of the researcher focuses as the primary data collection instrument necessitates the identification of personal values, assumptions and biases at the outset ofRead MoreQualitative Research Methods5213 Words   |  21 PagesOVERVIEW Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector’s Field Guide Module 1 Qualitative Research Methods Overview F A M I L Y H E A L T H I N T E R N A T I O N A L Qualitative Research Methods Overview OVERVIEW T †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ his module introduces the fundamental elements of a qualitative approach to research, to help you understand and become proficient in the qualitative methods discussed in subsequent modules. We recommend that you consult the suggested readings at the end of the moduleRead MoreQualitative Research Methods1185 Words   |  5 PagesCOURSE | : | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS AND APPROACHES | COURSE CODE | : | BIR6024 | CREDIT | : | 4 | SLT | : | 160 hours | PREREQUISITE | : | GRU6014 | SEMESTER | : | First / Second | LEARNING OUTCOMES | : | 1. Use qualitative research methods and approaches in collecting and analyzing data. 2. Conduct qualitative research methods in education. 3. Critical in evaluating research reports. 4. Demonstrate ethical practices in collecting and analyzing data. | SYNOPSISLECTURERS’Read MoreQualitative Research Methods5198 Words   |  21 PagesOVERVIEW Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector’s Field Guide Module 1 Qualitative Research Methods Overview F A M I L Y H E A L T H I N T E R N A T I O N A L Qualitative Research Methods Overview OVERVIEW T †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ his module introduces the fundamental elements of a qualitative approach to research, to help you understand and become proficient in the qualitative methods discussed in subsequent modules. We recommend that you consult the suggested readingsRead MoreQualitative Research Methods6311 Words   |  26 PagesPROJECT QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS FROM AN ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE à hsan Ulaà ¾ Kocaoà °lu JANUARY 2006 CONTENTS Definition of Qualitative Research in Social Sciences Approaches to Management Research Positivism versus Phenomenology Deductive and Inductive Schools of Thought in Management Research Major Qualitaitve Research Approaches Ethnographic Approach Phenomenology Field Research Grounded Theory Case study Action Research Narrative research Qualitative DataRead MoreQualitative Research Methods4061 Words   |  17 PagesBusiness Research Skills Qualitative Research Report Business Research Skills Qualitative Research Report Teresa Cooney B00251777 Teresa Cooney B00251777 Contents Introduction 2 1. Research Design 3 1.1 Qualitative Research Methods 3 1.2 Thematic Analysis 3 2. Findings and Analysis 6 References 8 Appendix 1 9 Appendix 2 13 Introduction This report has been commissioned by the University of the West of Scotland (Paisley campus) for the Business Research SkillsRead MoreMethods And Methods Of Qualitative Research1057 Words   |  5 PagesMethod Approach Qualitative research is normally recognizable via the use of methods that include, in-depth interviews and group moderation techniques; a particular objective to answer is â€Å"why?† and â€Å"how?† (Bailey, 2014). One of the great benefits of the qualitative research method is that it offers a wide range of approaches that can be used to capture data. In order to ensure credibility, two approaches will be used to conduct this research. The ethnographic approach will be used to understandRead MoreQualitative Research Methods986 Words   |  4 Pagesbi-weekly interviews for 14 weeks, relevant document collection, and field notes. Each interview took around sixty minutes. The survey was used to understand respondents’ general education background and select suitable participants for the further qualitative data collection. Interviews asked their English and academic learning situations in Taiwan, the processes of studying in graduate programs, present doctoral le arning situations, in and out of class academic (writing) activities, academic (writing)Read MoreQualitative Quantitative Research Methods1047 Words   |  5 PagesQualitative amp; Quantitative Research Methods PSY 326 Dr. Willow Aureala March 29, 2011 Qualitative amp; Quantitative Research Methods There are two types of research methods: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative research methods are complex meaningful analyses characterized by processes and meanings that are not measured in terms of mathematical measurements. Quantitative research however, relies and builds on mathematical procedures and methods, such as frequency, quality, amount

The Socio Economic Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy - 1517 Words

Teenage pregnancy is normally identified as deprived life choice, for example, tasks of teenage parenting have long-term impact on the mental health of the mother and children (Statistics New Zealand, 2003). It is important to identify the socio economic factors of teenage pregnancy to lower the chances of mental health problems in young mothers. In this paper the aim is to analyse the main socio economic factors of teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent mother in New Zealand. This essay will commence by identifying how a lack of education is considered as a socio economic factor associated with teenage pregnancy, followed by the second theme which will consist of economic circumstances such as, parental unemployment and welfare dependency. Lastly, this essay will discuss how deficiency of support from family and friends lead to unstable relationships, which has a huge impact on a teenage mother’s mental health. A lack of education is o ne of the main socio economic factors which impact the mental health of an adolescent mother. Studies show a number of negative outcomes that are linked with dropping out of school at an early age. For example, youth that tend to gain fewer educational qualifications are more likely to be in unstable relationships resulting in a lack of knowledge regarding contraceptive use which leaves them to deal with economic circumstances (Breheny Stephens, 2008; Friesen, Woodward, Fergusson, Horwood, Show MoreRelatedEssay on Implications of Teenage Pregnancy in the United States1457 Words   |  6 Pagesincidence of teenage pregnancy has generally been in decline since 1991, the causes and effects of underage childbearing has continued to be a big burden on families, the public and government. Babies having babies is the simplistic way that some people have described the specter of having a baby while teenager are unprepared. The United State case study which is the subject of this paper is unique, even though reflecting the same generic features with teenagers elsewhere in the world. Teenage pregnancyRead MoreSocio-Economic Status Affecting the Early Teenage Pregnancy5379 Words   |  22 PagesProblems and its Background Introduction National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy says that teenage pregnancy is occurring in an adolescent girl between the ages of 13 to 18. Socioeconomic is one factor in which is the social and economic experiences that help mold ones personality, attitudes, and lifestyle. It can also define regions and neighborhoods. Socioeconomic factors also include the ethnicity, and sense of community. Socioeconomic status is based on family incomeRead MoreCausal Analysis Paper: Significant Rise in High School Dropout Rates in United States1602 Words   |  6 Pagesof school before their graduation (Ferris West, 69). Students belonging to minority groups and low socio-economic status fail to complete high school. According to the research conducted by Bridgeland, DeIulio Morison (204), it was found out that African American and Hispanic students were most likely to leave high school before graduation because majority of them belonged to low socio-economic background. It shoul d be noted there are wide ranging causes of higher rates of high school dropoutsRead MoreSocio-Economic Status Affecting the Early Teenage Pregnancy5386 Words   |  22 PagesThe Problems and its Background Introduction National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy says that teenage pregnancy is occurring in an adolescent girl between the ages of 13 to 18. Socioeconomic is one factor in which is the social and economic experiences that help mold ones personality, attitudes, and lifestyle. It can also define regions and neighborhoods. Socioeconomic factors also include the ethnicity, and sense of community. Socioeconomic status is based on family incomeRead MoreQuestions On The On Teenage Pregnancy Essay3086 Words   |  13 Pagesbroad area of interest initially identified was, â€Å"teenage pregnancy†. While researching for information on teenage pregnancy, findings showed that it was too broad as there were too many sub-topics. For example, cultural differences, impacts on families, society and many more. Therefore further research was conducted so that the area of interest could be narrowed down. The topic was refined to â€Å"How does socio-economic factors of teenage pregnancy affect the mental health of an adolescent motherRead MoreAn Ideal Age At Which Women Should Conceive Their First Child1600 Words   |  7 Pages2012), the age at which women have their first baby has consistently increased in recent decades. Cumulative research proposes that adolescent parenthood may impinge on childhood development because of a variety of factors, including psychological, biological and socio-contextual factors, and thus having children at an older age may be more beneficial for the child. This review seeks to examine whether there is an ideal age at which women should conceive their first child so as to ensure optimal developmentRead MoreThe Dangers Of Adolescent Pregnancy1453 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescent pregnancy occurs between the ages of 15-19 (as defined by the World Health Organisation) (Adolescent Pregnancy., 2014) and most commonly occurs in developing countrie s (Such as sub-Saharan Africa [Teen pregnancy statistics, 2016]). As many of the pregnancies happening are to young girls from under-developed countries, they are often unable to afford the necessary healthcare that most developed countries could provide expectant mothers. Due to the fact that under-developed countries haveRead MoreTeen Pregnancy947 Words   |  4 PagesFACT SHEET WORLD POPULATION DAY 11 JULY 2008 Young People and Family Planning: Teenage Pregnancy DEFINITION Teenage pregnancy is defined as a teenage girl, usually within the ages of 13-19, becoming pregnant. The term in everyday speech usually refers to girls who have not reached legal adulthood, which varies across the world, who become pregnant. THE CURRENT SITUATION †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Half of the world’s population are under 25. Some 1.8 billion are aged 10-25, history’s largest generationRead MoreImproving The Retention Rate Of South Nigeria1424 Words   |  6 Pagesand we can infer that the decision to stay in school is influenced by parents. Background Gender discrimination is the main reason for the lower retention rates of girls in this region. Girls in Northern Nigeria are faced with a series of socio-economic pressures from their parents and society that cause their removal from school. If parents are unable to pay for the tuition of all their children, the male children would be enrolled in school while the girls would be remain at home and work orRead MoreThe Impact of Housing Benefits on Pregnant Teenagers1403 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsible for providing many deserving groups with financial and material support. As such we consider the various factors that create beneficial opportunities for individuals. We delve into the specific case of pregnant teenagers who make for a particularly deserving group with regards to their special circumstances. Housing benefits are generally considered and their obvious socio-economic impacts are recognized. Public Services in most developed countries are targeted towards making lives convenient

Financial Analysis Of The Wonderland Construction Supplies Company

Question: Discuss about the Financial Analysis Of The Wonderland Construction Supplies Company. Answer: Introduction Wonderland Construction Supplies has started the business in July, 16 with the capital of $70,000 and prepared the financial statements after completing all the year-end adjustments. In this report financial analysis of the company has been done using the accounting ratios following with the brief interpretation of the financial statements. This report also provided information on depreciation methods used to accounts the fixed assets, methods used for inventory management and internal control mechanisms. Interpretation of the financial statements Income Statement: Income statement provides the amount of revenue generated and cost of goods used to earned that revenue. Income statement also provided the information on the various operating expenses that are incurred to carry out different operations in the company such as administration work, rent to the owner etc. At the year end on June 30, Wonderland has earned the revenue of $69,120.00 but the expenses are greater than the revenue earned that turns into a loss in the current year. Statement of Equity change: This statement provides detail on the changes that are made during the year to the capital or equity balance. Changes can occur due to addition or withdrawal of capital and also due to profit or loss incurred in the year. Profit is regarded as the increase in capital so it is added to the equity as retained earnings. On other hand loss is subtracted more resources are used to generate the same level of revenue. There has been capital contribution at the starting of year, $70,000 and $2000 withdrawal has been in the form of drawings. Further equity is reduced to loss made by the company. Balance Sheet: This statement shows the year-end balances of all the assets and liabilities that company owns at the balance sheet date. It contains value of different current assets, non-current assets, current liabilities, non-current liabilities and shareholders equity. It shows how balances of assets meet with the balances of the liabilities and equity capital (Bull, 2007). Financial Ratios Current Ratio: Current ratio helps to measure the liquidity of the company as it shows current assets divided by the current liabilities. It provides times the current assets the company has to pay its short term liabilities. Formula: Current Assets/Current Liabilities Current ratio of Wonderland: $78,247.20/ $18,227.00 = 4.29 times Current ratio of competitor: 1.5 times to 2.7 times Current ratio of the Wonderland Company is far better than the current ratio of its competitors as company has more than 4 times the current assets to pay the short term liabilities as compare to 1.5 to 2.7 times of their competitors. Gross Profit Ratio: This ratio measures the percentage of gross profit earned by the company. Gross profit is sales revenue less cost of goods sold. Formula: Gross Profit/Sales Revenue *100 Gross profit of Wonderland: $20,664.00/ $69,120.00 = 29.90% Gross profit of competitor: 38% to 43% The gross profit percentage of the competitor is much better than the gross profit percentage of the company (Drake and Fabozzi, 2012). Depreciation Methods There are mainly two important depreciation methods available. They are: Straight line method: In this method, depreciation is charged over the useful of life of assets. Any salvage value of assets is subtracted from the cost of machine and remaining value of assets is depreciated equally over the useful life of assets. The major benefit of this method is that same portion of deprecation has to be charged to profit and loss account, therefore easy to calculate. Reducing Balance Method: This method is also known as written down value method as in this case depreciation is charged on the value of assets that is remained after charging the each year depreciation. A fixed percentage of depreciation is charged to the value of asset until the assets is sold or write off from the balance sheet. Every year calculation needs to be done to calculate the depreciation (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). Inventory Management Method There are two more methods used to value the inventory other than weighted average method: FIFO (First in First out): In this method goods that are first purchased will be sold first and so on. Under this method value of inventory at the balance sheet date might increase as it is lower value inventory is sold first as comparison or high value inventory. It is assumed that company has paid more for buying the inventory as the business progress. LIFO (Last in Last out): In this method goods that are last brought will be sold first and so on. It is will decrease the value of inventory at the balance date (Bull, 2007). Internal control mechanisms Internal control mechanism helps to put control on the misuse of resources like bank reconciliation statement provides the difference of balances in bank passbook and bank account in general ledger. Other internal control mechanisms are petty cash register to record the expenses made small expenses occurred on daily basis (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). Conclusion It can hereby conclude that Wonderland has done perfectly fine in first year of business despite of some loss. There is great hope that company will do much better in future years. It is recommended to the company to look after the sales price of goods and also to decrease the cost through applying various cost reducing methods. References Bull, R. 2007. Financial Ratios: How to use financial ratios to maximise value and success for your business'. Elsevier. Drake, P. P. and Fabozzi, F. J. 2012. Analysis of Financial Statements. John Wiley Sons. Fridson, M. S. and Alvarez, F. 2011. Financial Statement Analysis: A Practitioner's Guide. John Wiley Sons.

War On Drugs Essay Research Paper Have free essay sample

War On Drugs Essay, Research Paper Have we lost the War on Drugs? The War on Drugs officially started in 1972 with President Nixon declaring that drug jurisprudence enforcement was non rigorous plenty. To implement the Torahs of the original Harrison Act, a new and intensified program was to be enacted. The war reached its extremum during the Reagan and Bush disposals, in which $ 67 billion was spent in enforcement of drug Torahs. The program had worked comparatively good until near the terminal of the Bush disposal and drug usage overall was down. But the Clinton disposal has non been as effectual and it is clip to find what our following class of action will be sing drug enforcement. Prisons are going progressively overcrowded and many people are being labeled as? difficult felons? as a consequence of experimentation with soft drugs. There are many possible classs of action to take, but the best 1 is non really distinct. We will write a custom essay sample on War On Drugs Essay Research Paper Have or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page America has ever had a enormous demand for illegal drugs. And simple economic rules will demo that when there is a big demand for a merchandise person will provide it. It is merely like any other cherished trade good and follows the same theory of? purchase low, sell high? . Foreign beginnings have historically supplied this great demand. Latin America? s drug Godheads have ever been a really large job for the United States. It can be virtually impossible to catch them in a place to do an apprehension. The power and support that these drug Godheads receive can about overpower governments seeking to halt them ( Burdge 2 ) . One of the largest of all time drug sellers was Pablo Escobar Gaviria, he was so big and powerful, non even the tribunal system could penalize him when he was arrested and detained. The collaring officers were killed and nine different Judgess would non seek the instance due to menaces on their lives. Then the functionary records disappeared from the courthouse and at that place could non be a test. His cyberspace worth grew to about $ 2 billion and he was assisting the people of his native Colombia by constructing infirmaries and public lodging to derive public support. After about 20 old ages and at least 60 dozenss of imported Cocaine, he was eventually stopped in a gunfight at his house ( Escobar 1 ) . Cocaine and marijuana normally come from the Caribbean and Latin America. Heroin has historically come from Southeast Asia and the Middle East. But now we have a greater job than halting imports, we must halt domestic production every bit good. Marijuana, Methamphetamines, and LSD are going more popular and can be produced in America every bit good as foreign states. It is estimated that one tierce to one half of all Americas marijuana ingestion comes from domestic beginnings ( Falco 145 ) . Drugs in the United States have been a job for the last 100 old ages. It is presently estimated that at least 77 million Americans have used and elicit drug at least one time in their life ( Department of Health 17 ) . The United States? authorities has ever tried to cut off the primary supply from other states. They have tried assorted different methods, which include? diplomatic negotiations, economic aid, coercion, and military force? ( Falco 146 ) . Initially this class of action showed great promise. The most effectual clip for the drug war was during the late eightiess, after battling the enormous cocaine usage in the early 80s, the new schemes adopted by President Reagan were really effectual. By following Ronald Reagan? s case in point for rough intervention of drug wrongdoers President George Bush had cut Cocaine usage by 80 % from 1985 to 1992 when he left office ( Bennett 140 ) . Ronald Reagan made battling drug usage one of his most of import issues. He said that drug maltreatment was # 8220 ; one of the gravest jobs confronting [ America ] . # 8221 ; And he said, ? winning the war against drug maltreatment is one of the most of import, the most pressing issues facing us today? ( NBC News ) . And every bit shortly as his 2nd term began he made a great attempt to carry through his promises. January 21st of 1984 marked the first twenty-four hours that alterations were made in the Reagan disposal sing drugs. He basically gave the FBI with DEA legal power to implement drug Torahs and investigate drug instances. He besides made the FBI responsible for describing what advancement they had made during probes, so they would be slightly accountable for increasing or diminishing drug usage. Reagan described it # 8220 ; giving the drug job the sort of focal point it needs. # 8221 ; Besides during Ronald Reagan? s term a? Office of Director of National and Internati onal Drug Operations and Policy? was formed by Congress to further battle the drug job. Two Torahs were passed in 1984, the Comprehensive Crime Act and the Narcotics Act of 1984. Congress besides established a drug policy board? because it found that drug trafficking was estimated to be an $ 80 billion a twelvemonth industry ; merely 5 to 15 per centum of the drugs imported into the state were interdicted ; and commanding the supply of drugs was thought to be a cardinal to cut downing the drug-related offense epidemic? ( America? s Habit 2 ) . Congress and the Reagan disposal did non halt at that place, in 1984 they continued to go through statute law refering to illegal drugs. They passed the Aviation Drug-Trafficking Control Act. Which would necessitate Federal Aviation Association ( FAA ) administers to revoke any Air Certificates and Aircraft Registrations for anyone convicted of a drug-related offense. Some of the most of import statute law that was base on ballss was under the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984. This contained one of the most controversial narcotic related Torahs in history, which was the Comprehensive Forfeiture Act of 1984. This jurisprudence revised old condemnable forfeiture Acts of the Apostless. ? Today few in the Congress or the jurisprudence enforcement community fail to acknowledge that the traditional condemnable countenances of mulct and imprisonment are unequal to discourage or penalize the tremendously profitable trade in unsafe drugs. . . Clearly, if jurisprudence enforcement attem pts to battle racketeering and drug trafficking are to be successful, they must include an onslaught on the economic facets of these offenses. Forfeit is the mechanism through which such an onslaught may be made? ( America? s Habit 2 ) . This jurisprudence has been the beginning of many legal conflicts and led people to impeach the authorities of unlawfully impounding their belongings and in many instances the people that lost belongings may non even be charged with a offense, allow entirely convicted of one ( Bauman 34 ) . As 1984 continued more and more statute law was sent through Congress. The Controlled Substance Registrant Act of 1984 was passed. This made it illegal to steal any sum of a controlled substance from a registrant. It besides included the prohibition of certain prescription drugs, as a consequence of their limited medical usage and their maltreatment on the streets. Another jurisprudence called the Controlled Substances Penalties Act of 1984 was besides passed ; this made punishments stiffer, in peculiar, leting up to 20 old ages and $ 250,000 mulct for big sums of certain drugs, such as LSD or PCP. It besides allowed for the punishment to duplicate for any individual within 1000 pess of a school when caught distributing. 1986 brought about another really controversial drug related jurisprudence. It was the passage of compulsory lower limits. Which has had many people ferocious about it since its passage. Mandatory lower limits mean that if a individual is convicted of a certain offense they will hold a minimal sentence to function, with no exclusions. As a consequence many people feel they have been sentenced to harsh, where as their offense was non every bit terrible as person before them but they received the same sentence. This jurisprudence besides fundamentally takes the power off from the Judgess and topographic points it into the custodies of the prosecuting officers, as they control what the suspect will be charged with and whether to accept a supplication deal or non. This slightly defeats the intent of a test in many instances because if the suspect is found guilty the justice and jury have no portion in finding how terrible the suspect? s offense was, and they can non put a sentence conseq uently. The authorities claims that these Torahs will transfuse fear in many felons, and they claim that the offense rates will travel down every bit a consequence, but this theory has yet to keep up ( Caulkins, 24 ) . Ronald Reagan ended his presidential term in 1988 as one of the most effectual drug combatants in history. He made great attempts and spent enormous sums of money on the drug war ; he had successfully passed big sums of statute law through Congress, which had helped to check down on drug smuggling and drug usage, slightly. His married woman had started the DARE plan, to seek and acquire immature childs to neer get down utilizing drugs ( Goodwin 1 ) . President George Bush had many of the same thoughts as Ronald Reagan ( he was his frailty president for eight old ages ) . George Bush? s version of the Drug War started on September 5, 1989, when he made his ain attempt to halting drug maltreatment. His program called for 7.9 Billion dollars from Congress in order to pay for increased jurisprudence enforcement ( $ 6.3 billion ) and more money for prisons ( $ 1.6 Billion ) . Bush? s chief attempt was to assail the drug demand, and non truly aim the supply, bar and intervention. The logic was that if the demand could be greatly decreased the other things would non be as of import. He made the provinces comply and threatened to cut their support if they did non ( Check 2 ) . George Bush did do a really of import determination with respect to the fillet of drugs being imported from South America. He made the determination to occupy Panama, and arrest Manuel Noriega, a ill-famed General that was assisting to help drug trafficking from So uth America. American military personnels surrounded Noriega and he surrendered, he was arrested and brought to test in the United States where he was convicted of a assortment of charges ( ? George Bush? 4 ) . Which include? cocaine trafficking, racketeering, and money laundering, taging the first clip in history that a U.S. jury had convicted a foreign caput of province of felon charges? ( Noriega 1 ) . George Bush? s program to contend drugs was besides slightly effectual. Cocaine usage was down 21 % over his disposal ( Check 2 ) and down 80 % overall from 1985 until the terminal of the Bush disposal ( Bennett 140 ) . Bush took a good base on drugs, and achieved consequences. He had successfully curbed drug usage and successfully arrested one of the largest drug providers in the universe. Overall the Bush disposal had been comparatively successful with respects to halting drug maltreatment, despite passing big sums of money to battle the job. As the Clinton Administration started in 1992 drug usage began to lift once more. He did go on the tradition of passing big sums of money on commanding illicit drugs in the United States. But unlike his predecessors Ronald Reagan and George Bush, he did non achieve about the consequences that they did. Drug usage was up about across the board, in 1993 about 13 % of all 8th graders had smoke marijuana. This was over dual the per centum that had on two old ages earlier in 1991 under George Bush. A Michigan research worker described it as? a job that is acquiring worse at a reasonably rapid pace. ? Under the Clinton Administration Cocaine, Heroin, and Marijuana had all reached new degrees of usage ( Bennett 140 ) . Many more people are being convicted of drug related offenses, which seems like the policies are working but this is non needfully the instance. Today about 93 % of all inmates have a drug related charge. The legal system with respect to drugs can be racially biased every bit good. The punishments for possessing? cleft? cocaine are much stiffer than for pulverization cocaine, even though the two substances are chemically indistinguishable. ? Crack? cocaine is more of a street drug than pulverization, and? cleft? is by and large much cheaper. As a consequence, many hapless, minority communities are caught with cleft alternatively of the pulverization sort of cocaine. This makes them susceptible to much stiffer punishments and compulsory minimal sentences. This coupled with the fact that many minorities can non normally afford good legal council normally puts them in a state of affairs where they have to plea deal and will decidedly acquire jail clip ( Burdge 3 ) . ? Since the passage of compulsory minimal sentencing for drug users, the Federal Bureau of Prisons budget increased by more than 1,350 % , from $ 220 million in 1986 to about $ 3.19 billion in 1997 ( Bureau of Justice Statistics 20 ) . Overcrowding in prisons is one of the biggest jobs with the modern twenty-four hours justness system. It takes monolithic sums of resources to run them and there are excessively many inmates that likely should non even be in gaol in the first topographic point. ? In 1998, the United States imprisoned more than 1,185,000 people for nonviolent discourtesies at an one-year cost of more than $ 24 billion? ( Irwin 7 ) . The sum of taxpayer money that is being wasted in prisons is really alarming ; it seems as though alternate methods should be reached. ? Assuming recent captivity rates remain unchanged, an estimated 1 of every 20 Americans ( 5 % ) can be expected to function clip in prison during their life-time. For Afro-american work forces, the figure is greater than 1 in 4 ( 28.5 % ) ? ( Bonczar 1 ) . In 1997 the entire inmate population was estimated at 1.36 million grownups. The entire cost for? Correctionss, judicial, legal and police costs: $ 71,465 per inmate? ( Bureau of Justice Statistics 4 ) . These statistics are galvanizing, and these are non the lone jobs with the modern twenty-four hours drug war. It appears that excessively many basic American values have been undermined in the name of the drug war ( ? Is Truth the Casualty? ? 3 ) . Police and other governments in many instances are mistreating power and withstanding certain civil and human rights provided by the United States Constitution. ? In 1996, 71 % of all wire lights-outs were authorized for province and federal narcotics enforcement. To contrast, merely 2.8 % were for snatch, extortion, theft, larceny, loansharking, vigorish and graft, combined? ( Maguire 418 ) . These Numberss show that the authorities appears to be seting excessively much attempt into drug enforcement, the authorities is giving drug hatchet mans excessively much freedom to look into anyhow they please. Regardless if there is a drug job or non, taking civil autonomies and go againsting the fundamental law is non what the American populace had in head for a drug free America. The United States authorities and its drug policies have become so rigorous and the people in charge have become so obstinate, that they refuse to see anything otherwise. And they refuse to see that the war has been lost. From 1994 to 1995 cocaine production had increased by 20 dozenss and cocaine ictuss had dropped by 73 dozenss. As a consequence about 33 % or 93 more dozenss of cocaine were on the street than in 1994. In 1995 32 dozenss of diacetylmorphine was seized, the authorities estimates that merely 11 dozenss of diacetylmorphine will provide the state. Even drug Czar Barry McCaffrey said, ? [ apprehensions ] will non work out the drug problem. ? He suggests that people coming to their senses and to halt utilizing it will be the lone hope for a drug free America. One of the biggest jobs in drug bar schemes has been the failure to introduce. The authorities has used the same methods for the last 20 old ages and kids merely tune them out by now. Most adolescents have non seen d rugs destroy lives as they have been advertised to make. And most parents from the 60s and 70s that used drugs experience uncomfortable stating their childs non to utilize them, because they did themselves ( Witkin 60 ) . It? s obvious that the? drug war? as Ronald Reagan intended it has non gone harmonizing to program. Since Clinton? s disposal began, consequences have gone downhill, and go oning this? war? is going really dearly-won. There are a twosome of possible solutions ; many people feel that legalising certain drugs would be the best solution. This seems as though it would merely go a pestilence on society, similar to tobacco and alcohol. It would besides be really hard to implement many of the bing Torahs. Some politicians feel like that by rehabilitating drug users it will be cheaper and more effectual than seting them in prison. At the same clip some politicians feel that we should merely be harder on drug users. There is non truly much more we can make in footings of doing Torahs tougher on drug users. They are already really tough and are non working and are devouring monolithic sums of money for enforcement. Rehabilitation seems like it would work, and much more cost effectual than roug h intervention. Compulsory intervention for drug users seems like it would be a solution at least deserving seeking on a national graduated table. This has been tried in Arizona, where non-violent users and Sellerss are being sent to rehab alternatively of gaol. This policy appears to be acquiring consequences and may be ready for a attempt on the national degree ( Beals 25 ) . Bibliography Work Cited America? s Habit. Shaffer Library of Drug Policy. 15 February 2000. . Bauman, Robert. ? Take it Away. ? National Review. 20 February 1995: 34-8. Beals, Gregory. ? The Buzz on Drugs. ? Newsweek. 6 September 1999:25-9. Bennett, William J. ? We? rhenium Losing the Drug War. ? The World and I. June 1995:140 Bonczar, T.P. and A.J. Beck. Lifetime Likelihood of Traveling to State or Federal Prison. Washington D.C. : Agency of Justice Statistics, U.S. Department of Justice, 1997. Burdge, Roger. Home page. 1 March 2000. . Bureau of Justice Statistics. Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997. Caulkins, J. , et Al. Compulsory Minimal Drug Sentences: Throwing Away the Key or the Taxpayers # 8217 ; Money? . Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Check, Dan. Home page. 1 March 2000. . Department of Health and Human Services. National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Population Estimates 1997. Washington D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office, 1998. ? Drug Bust: The Longest War ; Geraldo Rivera Reports. # 8221 ; NBC News. NBC. 20 June 1999. ? Escobar, Pablo. ? Home Page. 10 March 2000. . Ewoldt, Jeff. ? Dissenters: End the war on drugs. ? QUAD-CITY TIMES. 28 July 1996. 15 February 2000. . Falco, Mathea. ? America? s Drug Problem and Its Policy of Denial. ? Current History. April 1998:145-9 ? George Bush. ? Grolier Online. Grolier Interactive Inc. 1 March 2000. . Goodwin, Lee. Home page. 15 February 2000. . Irwin, Josh, Vincent Schiraldi, and Jason Ziedenberg. America # 8217 ; s One Million Nonviolent Prisoners. Washington, DC: Justice Policy Institute, 1999. Is Truth the Casualty of the Drug War. Common Sense for Drug Policy. 1 March 2000. . Maguire, Kathleen and Ann L. Pastore, eds. Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics 1996. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office, 1997. # 8220 ; Noriega Moreno, Manuel Antonio, # 8221 ; Microsoft? Encarta? Online Encyclopedia 2000 hypertext transfer protocol: //encarta.msn.com? 1997-2000 Microsoft Corporation. Witkin, Gordon. ? Why This State is Losing the Drug War. ? US News and World Report. 16 September 1996: 60

Free Essays on Frank Herberts Dune

Frank Herbert ¡Ã‚ ¦s Dune is the story of an empire in chaos, a royal family in the mist of treachery, of corruption and loyalty. This story takes place in a richly detailed universe with complex economic, social and religious histories and is set in a time where they are important for survival. Corruption within a royal family can bring destruction to the throne Arrakis is the sole source of Melange, the "spice of spices." Melange is necessary for interstellar travel and grants psychic powers and longevity, Fighting over each other for control of Melange is the main cause of corruption. Melange turned loyal servants against their own masters and peaceful tribe people into savages. "Melange was merely his instrument for telling that story of corruption" ( McNelly 3 ) Loyalty and treachery both relate to corruption. In a world that is harsh and cruel, corruption alone can bring destruction to even the greatest of powers... Free Essays on Frank Herbert's Dune Free Essays on Frank Herbert's Dune Frank Herbert ¡Ã‚ ¦s Dune is the story of an empire in chaos, a royal family in the mist of treachery, of corruption and loyalty. This story takes place in a richly detailed universe with complex economic, social and religious histories and is set in a time where they are important for survival. Corruption within a royal family can bring destruction to the throne Arrakis is the sole source of Melange, the "spice of spices." Melange is necessary for interstellar travel and grants psychic powers and longevity, Fighting over each other for control of Melange is the main cause of corruption. Melange turned loyal servants against their own masters and peaceful tribe people into savages. "Melange was merely his instrument for telling that story of corruption" ( McNelly 3 ) Loyalty and treachery both relate to corruption. In a world that is harsh and cruel, corruption alone can bring destruction to even the greatest of powers...

History Of Intelligence Example

History Of Intelligence Example History Of Intelligence – Coursework Example The United s Intelligence Major Events that Impacted the U.S Intelligence In the United s, the first instance whereby the use of intelligence was evident is in 1774 by the Sons of Liberty. 1The Sons of Liberty were disparate to the British colonies in North America. As a way of monitoring the British troops who were based in Boston, they created an intelligence organization known as the Mechanics. The Mechanics were able to obtain information concerning the British plots against radicals like Adam. The Mechanics gathered information that facilitated the removal of military stores from British installations. 2The Revolution period also led to further advancements in the recruitment of spy rings and agents for information gathering. For instance, Washington employed the deceit and deception tactics against the British by using the intelligence that he received. Washington was successful in the Culper Ring operation and the American victory at Yorktown due to information gathering.After he had become president, Washington created the secret service fund for conducting intelligence operations. The preceding years saw an increased number of failed intelligence gathering operations, but this was restored in the Cold War. During this period, intelligence gathering was decentralized because each union general undertook their intelligence gathering. The high levels of decentralization were evident when President Abraham Lincoln hired his agent. The Southern and Northern intelligence agencies used traditional methods of information gathering but in 1861, aerial reconnaissance was employed. After Thaddeus S. Law had sent real time information to President Lincoln, the U.S Army Balloon Corps was created.The 1880s saw the establishment of permanent intelligence organizations like the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI); they obtained information in the War of the Pacific (1879-1882). In 1909, the Bureau of Investigations (BOI) was created to investigate federal crimes and re ported to the attorney general. 3The First World War saw the establishment of the MI8 to decrypt and develop military codes. The BOI later became the Federal Bureau of Investigation in 1935 to deal with internal threats. After the Pearl Harbor attack during the Second World War, the Office of Strategic Services was created to collect information for the Joint Chiefs. The OSS worked closely with other agencies for entire intelligence gathering. In 1942, the Military Intelligence Service was established to gather information on a larger scale.BibliographyCia.gov,. History of American Intelligence - Central Intelligence Agency. Last modified 2013. Accessed May 6, 2015. https://www.cia.gov/kids-page/6-12th-grade/operation-history/history-of-american-intelligence.html#revolutionary-ideas.Logan, Keith Gregory.  Homeland Security And Intelligence. Westport, CT: Praeger Security International, 2010.

Why object Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why object - Essay Example the official purpose of the Census is to count everyone for the purpose of congressional representation.†1 Taxation only with representation is the basis of America’s break from England. The census is also good for tracing statistical data, which helps fight poverty, determines if enough food supplies are available for the current population, and helping people with trace their genealogy. These are some of the helpful uses for the census. The intentions of censuses are good, but censuses can also be deplorable. In America, the census does not just count people for representation; it gathers information on the race of the population. One author states â€Å"It is the United States, however, that has the longest continuous history of placing its entire population into mutually exclusive racial categories based on pseudo-scientific theories."2 Although segregation ended during the Civil Rights Movement, the American census has never caught up. One author even suggests the "Census established the official tradition of collecting racial data. The purpose was far from benign. It is no accident that this decade witnessed the most intense attempts to build a segregated racial order.†3 The categories of race used by the census are wrong. Other organizations could place people in races, but the American Census Bureau should only count people. The consequences of racial grouping can be deadly. Nazi Germany proved that. The Nazis conducted two censuses one in 1933, then one in 1939. Without these censuses, the Nazis would not have been to methodically roundup the Jews, leading to the death of six million.4 If Germany’s 1933 and 1939 censuses would have only counted people, not race, the Nazi’s would have had a harder time in identifying Jews. If used for statistical purposes, or for congressional representation, the census is good. The racial aspect of the census needs to be reconsidered. Like so many other governmental practices in America, the census

Providing Ethical Alternatives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Providing Ethical Alternatives - Essay Example Natural products contain â€Å"no artificial color, flavor, chemicals, preservatives, saccharine, aspartame, irradiated food and meat produced without use of growth hormones or antibiotics† (Brewer, 2004). The market has two co-owners who are equal partners. The CEO is the eldest child who holds an MBA. All family members work in the market in one location or another, so this is definitely a family-run business, though the market employs organic chefs, business managers, and others who develop relationships with local farmers and growers. Products offered include natural or organic foods, supplements, health and beauty aids, meats, plants and seed. Both locations offer cooking classes for specific food categories on a rotating schedule. The company belongs to local, regional and national growers associations, with a co-owner holding offices in two of the organizations. In the company’s mission statement is a major goal of enhancing the local economy, which affects local residents, by buying from local growers as much as possible. The statement goes on to further explain that buying locally also eliminates much of the fuel consumption that occurs when products are shipped across the country. This helps Providing Ethical Alternatives 2 reduce the environmental impact of vehicle emissions. One of the co-owners has spoken at congressional hearings several times to promote labeling of all foods that are genetically modified (GMO).

System analysis Essay Example for Free

System analysis Essay As system analysts to ensure I. R. C get the job done I am going to introduce the three basic and main steps. These are Input, Process and Output. The first step will be using Inputs such as keyboards, mouse, scanner and many other inputs. The keyboard allows me to input and type text about special features and offers which I can include in the newsletter or the flyer to promote and advertise my business. It allows me to store information about the customers and there order details . The mouse has many features such as allowing me to point and click in a certain column and also editing any mistakes made. The mouse lets me insert images in to the newsletter and also copy any text to add information regarding the image. While creating the business card I inputted my logo using the copy and paste option from the mouse. I inserted text in the newsletter and also some images which showed the customers the quality of our service. I achieved this through the special features of the inputting devices. The process illustrates how I went about creating the newsletter in order to promote I. R. C. I will be using a catalogue wizard in microsoft publisher as a guideline to go about and set up the layout of the newsletter. The text that is already present in the box, I will use as a guideline so that I know what text to insert in the appropriate place. I Yasin Mirza 1/1/05 will first change the layout of the guideline to match the requirements of I. R. C and then edit the appearance of the colours and the text. I will be using the mouse to insert images which have already been saved on to a floppy disk. I will be using word art to highlight special offers and subheadings this will enable me to make these stand out and change the colour, size, font and style of the text to make it more appealing to the readers. Using microsoft publisher I am able to add a special feature in the newsletter which allows me to have the choice of adding a coupon and a box for customer details. The Output such as the monitor and printer shows the newsletter in its early/late stages of development. The monitor will display the newsletter and I will be using the printer to print out the draft of the newsletter. If I am unsatisfied with the result and quality of the newsletter I can then go back and edit the problems. I can then view the corrections made on the monitor and then print it out again. As an option feature I intend to place the newsletter online on I.R. C s website and the speakers act as an output and the speakers can be used to listen to music and sounds on the site developed by flash software. The company will use floppy disks, cd- roms, and portable hard drives to store and backup information. Floppy disks will be used to store general specifications and receipts. The portable hard drives will be used to store customer and payment details as well company software as the portable hard drives have a vast amount of storage space. The PHD (portable hard drive) is a ideal backing up device as in an emergence if Yasin Mirza 1/1/05 I. R. Cs system becomes damaged in some way then you can transfer the work on to the phd. The cd-roms will be used to store back up information from the floppys. To ensure unauthorised access each member of staff will be given a general user name (staff) and separate password which will allow them to access, edit and view customer, payment and specifications details. To increase security and ensure data integrity (data is not deleted by any random user) we will give admin authorization to managers with a separate username and password to have all system which allows them to access and view, add and delete any details regarding customers.

Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights - A Truly Romantic Novel Essay

Wuthering Heights - A Truly Romantic Novel    Wuthering Heights embodies the idea of a classical Romantic novel.  Ã‚   Written at a time when the novel was just becoming a popular form of entertainment/writing Wuthering Heights employs many of the typical elements of the Romantic writers.   There are elements of innovative experimentation in subject, form, and style, a mixing of genre's, use of powerful emotions, and several traits that could also classify Wuthering Heights as a "Dark" Romantic piece.   The "Dark" Romanticism is revealed within the strange/ non-normative story, super-natural elements, and the Gothic setting.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When originally printed the author of WH (Emily Bronte under the pseudonym Ellis Bell) was widely criticized for authoring a piece of work with such blatant tones of mental disturbance.   One reviewer, compared Wuthering Heights to Jane Eyre saying that, "Wuthering Heights casts a gloom over the mind that is not easily dispelled" (WH 300) while Jane Eyre manages to provide some cathartic element that offers its reader a release.   While, obviously not loved by all, the subject matter of WH was new and unique to the time, offering a break from the traditional literary works such as Paradise Lost or Gulliver's Travels that often included a strong underlying moral or political message.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The book also possesses a unique style; it is a story within a story.   Lockwood is the narrator that has direct contact with the audience while Nellie Dean is carries the bulk of the tale, though she never directly conveys information to the readers.   Most stories, before Wuthering Heights, had a single narrator, typically a first person account, that walked the readers through the story... ...ce as reflected by the time it was written.   One reviewer criticized it for its lack of realistic elements saying that a "few glimpses of sunshine would have increased the reality of the picture and given strength rather than weakness to the whole" (WH 300).   Unfortunately these could be very realistic pieces of a person's life if they were to fall in love with the wrong person in that time.   Revenge is also a predominant theme; perhaps few people would be so willing to take it as far as Heathcliff but the general theme is very realistically inspired.    Works Cited Damrosch, David, et al., ed.   The Longman Anthology of British Literature: Vol. B.   Compact ed.   New York: Longman - Addison Wesley Longman, 2000. Bronte, Emily.   Wuthering Heights. Norton Critical ed.   3rd ed.   Ed. William M. Sale, Jr., and Richard J. Dunn.   New York:   W. W. Norton, 1990.

Hat Task Essay

The population as of 2011 was totaled to 608,453. The majority of this population consisted of people between the ages of 15 and 44 years old. Kent County consist of mostly white persons at 83. 8%. The next larges group consists of African Americans at 10. 3% and Hispanics at 9. 9%. The median household income is $50,801, with 14. 8% of the population being listed below poverty level. The unemployment rate is at 8. 52% (2011, US Census Bureau). It is reported by adults that 13. 6% have not accessed healthcare within the past 12 months. 10. % of adults reported they have no healthcare coverage. It was also discovered that the county only has 29% of what is needed in the dental care community(2011, Michigan Department of Community Health). The second assessment piece is labeled cultural assessment. Once again this was information I collected on a County level. In Kent County there are slightly more females than males, 51% versus 49% respectively. The populations consists predominately of white Christians, while the subgroup is Roman Catholics (2011, Kent County Health Department). Obesity was noted to be on the rise due to lack of physical activity and inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption. More specifically 31. 3% of adults are obese, and Michigan as a whole is the 5th most obese state in the US. 19. 7% of adults reported adequate physical activity with 23. 6% stating they lived a sedentary lifestyle within the past month, and 17. 8% report they consume fruits and vegetables at least 5 times a day (2011, Michigan Department of Health). African Americans voiced distrust among healthcare providers however they did support and agree for a universal healthcare system. Hispanics voiced concern for the lack of translation services due to language barriers and issues surrounding documented legal status and the difficulty this poses to accessing healthcare (2009, Michigan Department of Health). I discovered that in the area there are over 50 parks with various indoor and outdoor activities for all to enjoy. The third assessment piece is entitled neighborhood and community safety. This information was obtained from local agencies. I noted the Health Department and local hospitals are very involved in providing health services, education, and discussions for the community free of charge. The air quality for Kent County is considered poor. We have had at least 7 air pollution days per year due to fine particulate matter and ozone. The water quality in the last 5 years has been excellent. 0. 09% of public water supplies exceeded contamination levels during this time frame (2011, Kent County Health Department). The wild life in the area can cause a potential for disease, and the many surrounding lakes, rivers and streams can cause a potential for drowning. Due to the location of Kent County we risk potential severe weather events. The violent crime rate in the area was 0. 4% significantly lower than the national average. It was also noted that the local police and fire response is at or exceeds standards (2013, Kent County Sheriffs Department). The fourth assessment piece is the disaster assessment and planning status. This information was gathered on a City and County level. The disaster command is headed by the Office of Emergency Management and Homeland Security loca ted in Grand Rapids. They included the requirements of National Response Plan and NIMS. I discovered they are following all federal regulations by the Department of Homeland Security. 3 County, and other regional collaborations were noted in the planning. The Kent County area is at risk most for these natural disasters; severe winter weather, thunderstorms, tornados, riverine flood, and urban flood. The are is at risk most for these other disasters; electrical failures, communication failure, intentional acts, transportation accidents, and hazardous material. The city and county provide public education through CERT classes, brochures, and coordination with school districts to relay safety information at a young age (2011, Kent County Health Department). From the information obtained above I believe that Kent County Michigan is an overall healthy community. Areas for improvement would be to increase the access to dental care and healthcare for at risk and poor underserved families, to decrease the prevalence of obesity and ensure access to healthful foods, and to establish a plan to deal with language barriers for other populations living within West Michigan. This information that I have obtained and explained above is listed below in my community genogram. The genogram highlights the pertinent information in an easy to view graph with each assessment topic listed. It discusses once again the community as a whole from population and economic status, to the cultural assessment, to the neighborhood and community safety to lastly disaster assessment and planning. It provides an overview of the community as a whole, strengths and weaknesses. The community assessment is how I feel the community is and the areas that are at risk or I feel can be improved upon. Resources: 1. ) 2011. Kent County Michigan. US Census Bureau. Retrieved from http://www. uickfacts. census. gov/qfd/states/26/26081. html 2. 2013. Kent County Michigan. Kent County Health Department. Retrieved from http://www. accesskent. com/emergencymanagement. html 3. 2011. Michigan Behavioral Risk Factor Survey. Michigan Department of Community Health. Retrieved from http://www. michigan. gov/brfs 4. 2009. Community Conversation Executive Summary. Michigan Department of Community He alth. Retrieved from http://www. michigan. gov/minorityhealth 5. 2013. Kent County Sheriffs Department. Retrieved from http://www. accesskent. com/lawenforcement/sherrif_emergency. htm

The Rap Culture and Today’s World

The Rap Culture and Today’s World The culture of rap was redefined when the music group N. W. A. released their debut album, Straight Outta Compton. This groundbreaking album was the center of controversy across the nation. Critics argued that gang violence, drug use, and crime were idolized in the group’s lyrics. Even the name of the rap group, Niggaz Wit Attitudes, sparked major controversy nationwide. This album began the evolution of the rap culture; a culture that has seen a rapid increase in popularity since the 1980s and exerts a major influence on the youth of today.Lil Wayne’s CD, Tha Carter III, was one of the most anticipated albums of all time for any music genre, showing the popularity and the influence of rap music on today’s world. Although rap music is seen by some as liberating and empowering, rap has helped create a culture in our society that idolizes gang activity, drug use, crime, and has a degrading view of women. Dwayne Michael Carte r Jr. , formally known as the rapper Lil Wayne, was born on September 27, 1982 in New Orleans, Louisiana. Lil Wayne grew up in one of the poorest neighborhoods in New Orleans, Hollygrove.Hollygrove is notorious for its crime rates and poverty level. Wayne was no different from his neighbors, as he had many run-ins with the law. Lil Wayne has also publicly acknowledged his affiliation with the Bloods, the biggest criminal gang in America. He commonly mentions the Bloods in his songs and some of the criminal activity they have become infamous for. Also, Lil Wayne’s drug use has been well documented over the years. You can often see Lil Wayne smoking marijuana while being interviewed on radio broadcast or on the internet.The way Lil Wayne lives his life is portrayed in his music, just as most musicians put a personal twist on their art. With response to the influence of rap, Raquel Alvarenga states: â€Å"The lyrics of popular rap artists like Nelly and Jay-Z are much more than straightforward commentaries on social class inequity and the hardships of urban life†(13). Youth growing up in poverty stricken areas can relate to the words rappers â€Å"preach†. Many rappers have come from the ghettos across America, and speak of the illegal and illicit activities they used to participate in.The youth idolize these figures not only because they made it out of the hood, but because they glamorize the very same criminal activities youths are participating in. Much of the youth growing up in the ghetto resort to gang activity because they lose hope and believe that crime and selling drugs are the only viable options to making it out of the ghetto. Rap stars are idolized by the youth, and whether they want the responsibility of being a role model or not, it comes with the territory of the rap game.Additionally, rappers are notorious for their lyrics about â€Å"pimps and hoes†. Amongst other degrading things, half naked women are commonly found in rap music videos shaking their butts. Rap lyrics often refer to women as â€Å"hoes†, â€Å"tricks†, or â€Å"bitches†. Alvarenga says that â€Å"These lyrics, teeming with sexually explicit messages, encourage the subjugation of women and promote an ethos of disrespect against them† (13). The role of women has changed significantly over the last 20 years, but not the view and respect level given to them by their counterparts.It is hard to have respect for women that are showing more and more skin and beginning to do promiscuous things that have never been acceptable in the eyes of older generations. The culture of rap music has helped shaped the behavior and perception of women nowadays. Gang Activity has always been a substantial part of the rap culture, as many rappers come from a gang related backgournd. Most rappers have some association with a gang; whether they are a member or they represent them in their music.Top 6, a gang out of the Lake Wort h area, is famous for creating and producing their own music. Their music is center around the drugs they sell, hatred for other gangs, and crimes they have committed. Being that rappers have strong affiliation to gangs it is inevitable that gang life is portrayed in their music. The youths that listen to these rappers’ music think that it is acceptable to participate in gang activity since their favorite rappers are doing it. Drugs have always played a pivotal role in rap culture, as many rappers support drug use and selling drugs.Rappers often explain in their lyrics how they made it through the urban struggle by selling a multitude of drugs including marijuana, cocaine, and creak. Young Jeezy, a rapper from the Atlanta area, made millions by selling cocaine before he became a rapper. He often refers to his days as a cocaine dealer in his music. Many rappers have faced jail time during the height of their careers for drug related charges, including Lil Wayne who faced charg es in 2010 for marijuana possession.Drugs have always had a place in society, but there has never been an influx of celebrities that openly acknowledge drug use and selling drugs like many rappers do. The glamorous portrayal of drugs in the rap culture is harmfully impacting today’s society. Tha Carter III was released in the summer of 2008 and debuted as the number one album on the US Billboard 200 by selling over a million copies in its first week. A seemingly innocent baby picture of Lil Wayne can be found on the album’s cover, but anyone who has a deeper understanding of the rap culture knows this picture is not so innocent.There are multiple tattoos on the face of the baby, but the tear drops below his eye spark the most controversey. The tattooing of tear drops below the eye has become a popular tradition of the Bloods after they commit their first real act of violence or murder. By having a deeper understanding of rap music and familiarizing yourself with the ra p culture, you can then understand all messages found in rap lyrics and the potentially harmful effects they could have on audiences.The rap culture continues to have a negative impact upon all social classes. Urban youths believe the only way out of ghetto is through gang activity or striking it rich in the rap game. With a large fan base of rap coming from white, middle class suburbs, we are also seeing a lessening respect towards women and who are viewed as nameless and faceless objects. Even though some view the rap culture as a way of freely expressing yourself, rap has created a culture in our society that glamorizes gangs, drugs, crime, and has a degrading view of women.Rap music has become a multi-million dollar industry and is no longer considered a fad, but a mainstay in our world. With this realization, we must weigh the cons and pros that come with rap music and the culture it has created. As J. Annette Saddik explained, â€Å"Ice Cube was careful to make a distinction between occasions when rapper are just having fun and when they are performing more serious social messages†(110). Society, especially the youth, cannot continue to take the messages rappers are giving literally and try to imitate the lifestyles being portrayed in their music.Today’s society is walking a thin line when it comes to the ideals and values that rap music is instilling into the youth that could have potentially harmful effects for future generations. Revision Changes: For the most part this essay was well written. There were not as many typos and grammatical errors as the first two. I thought I developed the ideas nicely and made a good connection between rap culture and society. Some of my transitions in the paper did not flow as well as I hoped. I added more substance to these sentences in hopes of making my paper less choppy.The most challenging part of revising this particular work was making my transitions stronger and rewording sentences where I was go ing off topic or sounded wordy. Overall, this is the work I was most pleased with over the course of the semester. Works Citied Alvarenga, Raquel. â€Å"Hip Hop Generation: Sexually Explicit Rap Lyrics May Harm Youth. † Harvard Political Review 32. 2 (2005): 13-15. Print Saddik, Annette J. â€Å"Rap’s Unruly Body The Postmodern Performance of Black Male Identity on the American Stage. † TDR/The Drama Review 47. 4 (2003): 110-127. Print

Choosing the Types of Essay Writing Languages

Choosing the Types of Essay Writing Languages Idioms, Slang or Jargon. What Is and Appropriate Essay Writing Language? Different types of academic papers require different writing approaches. You will hardly write an expository essay in the same way using the same words as in an argumentative essay. Otherwise, your academic success will be doomed to failure. In other words, a student should be a versatile writer able to choose the write language for a particular type of essay writing. Let’s find out, which is a proper variant and which is not. Essay writing language – formality level Most of the essay papers require formal style. They include cover letters, job applications, journalist notes, etc. On the other hand, you should always consider the type of your target audience when depending the level of formality. A too formal paper may look a bit boring and less engaging. To make things easier for readers, use the following formality levels: Formal style – a typical language of the highest formality level used for unknown audience; Semi-formal – the best bet for essay papers, emails, etc.; Informal – more humorous way of introducing content applicable to friends and relatives. Essay writing language – jargon Although we rarely come across this type of language in academic papers, it can still be used in particular context especially when it comes to different social groups that refer to specific nation backgrounds. Using jargon where appropriate may be a good way to grab the attention of the audience adding some style to your paper. Idioms and slang expressions Slang appears to be inappropriate language when it comes to academic writing. You are not supposed to right â€Å"wanna† or â€Å"y’all†. The same thing is with idiomatic expressions like â€Å"barking at a wrong tree†. Some students mistakenly think that idioms show a good knowledge of language. However, they appear to degrade the content as well as the overall impression. So, try to avoid them. How to write an essay using different languages? It does not matter what type of academic paper you were assigned. Using a proper language and writing style is vital. Keep in mind that essay writing is far from producing articles or novels. You need to follow academic standards in addition to requirements established by your professor. Avoid being arrogant and stick to formal style in addition to the following tips: Sound confident and objective – your language is your face. Make sure it sounds objective and confident even on the paper; Keep an Eye on Tenses – those little guys can be rather tricky. Determine the tenses you are going to use in advance. They will depend on the paper type and topic; Make it Simpler – although the paper is called â€Å"academic† it does not actually mean it is supposed to be complicated. Avoid complex sentence structures and make the paper easy to read. Use strong specific words to express your confidence and expertise. Make sure your paper does not contain vague phrases or words. Keep it simple and clear for the audience.

Visa P para competir o actuar en Estados Unidos

Visa P para competir o actuar en Estados Unidos Los artistas y los deportistas pueden solicitar la visa P para actuar o competir en Estados Unidos con carcter temporal. Son visas no inmigrantes que no deben confundirse con las de tipo O para personas con habilidades excepcionales. En este artà ­culo se explican quià ©nes pueden solicitar esta categorà ­a de visas, las distintas modalidades, cà ³mo se tramita, duracià ³n de la estancia y otras alternativas de visa. Quià ©nes pueden solicitar estas visas Artistas o deportistas que actà ºan o compiten individualmente o tambià ©n cuando forman parte de un grupo o un equipo, como por ejemplo, coros, grupos de baile u orquestas. Tipos de visa Dependiendo de las circunstancias concretas de cada caso hay cuatro tipos de visas P. En primer lugar, la visa P1 es para artistas y deportistas que gozan de prestigio internacional en su campo y desean viajar a Estados Unidos para actuar o competir. En el caso de grupos artà ­sticos es preciso poder demostrar una antigà ¼edad mà ­nima de un aà ±o en el conjunto. Asimismo, tambià ©n debern solicitar visa P1 los artistas que no formando parte del grupo los acompaà ±an formando parte del mismo espectculo. Cada aà ±o fiscal pueden concederse un mximo de 25,000 visas P1. Curiosamente los jugadores profesionales de videojuegos como deportistas de à ©lite y est concediendo visas P-1 para competir en EEUU. En segundo lugar, la visa P2: para artistas que actà ºan en solitario o forman parte de un grupo para actuar dentro de un programa de intercambio cultural entre Estados Unidos y otro paà ­s. En tercer lugar, la visa P3: para artistas que actà ºan solos o forman parte de un conjunto y que desean ingresar a Estados Unidos porque son parte fundamental de un espectculo, o porque van a enseà ±ar o entrenar en un programa cultural à ºnico. Resaltar que en la P3, a diferencia de lo que ocurre con la P1, no se exige que los artistas que conforman un grupo lleven ms de un aà ±o juntos. Finalmente la visa P4: las personas que obtengan una visa P1, P2 o P3 podrn viajar a Estados Unidos acompaà ±ados por sus cà ³nyuges e hijos menores de 21 aà ±os, quienes debern solicitar un visado P4. No estn autorizados a trabajar pero pueden estudiar mientras dure su estancia. Su visa es derivada en el sentido de que no durar ms que la de la persona de la que dependan. Tambià ©n tener en cuenta que en determinados casos se puede pedir tambià ©n una B-1 para los empleados domà ©sticos de una visa P. Cundo no es necesario pedir una visa P Hay que destacar que los miembros de grupos musicales principiantes que no van a recibir pago alguno por su actuacià ³n en Estados Unidos no necesitan solicitar una visa P, bastar con una de turista e incluso ninguna para el caso de los nacionales de un paà ­s acogido al Programa de exencià ³n de visas, como es el caso de los espaà ±oles o chilenos. Esto es asà ­ incluso en los casos en los que cobran un importe destinado a reembolsar exclusivamente los gastos de alojamiento y transporte. Sin embargo, si cobran dinero por su trabajo, aunque sea una cantidad pequeà ±a, SI deben obtener la visa P y se considera un fraude de ley trabajar y cobrar cuando se ingresa a Estados Unidos como turista. Es ms, los oficiales migratorios pueden impedir el ingreso si se considera o sospecha de que se va a cobrar por la actuacià ³n Cà ³mo se inicia el proceso para solicitar la visa P El trmite para las visas P lo inicia el empleador en Estados Unidos, que deber enviar debidamente cumplimentada la forma I-129 al Centro de Servicio del USCIS que corresponda. Si la peticià ³n es aprobada se notificar, por un lado, a la oficina consular donde deban solicitarse las visas y, por otro, al empleador, que recibir la forma I-797. Tramitacià ³n de la visa ante el consulado Sà ³lo una vez que la peticià ³n ha sido aprobada por el USCIS y el empleador ha recibido la forma I-797 podr solicitarse la visa ante la oficina consular correspondiente. Las especificaciones pueden variar de consulado a consulado por lo que conviene verificar la informacià ³n reseà ±ada en la pgina web de la oficina de representacià ³n de Estados Unidos en cada paà ­s. Checar bien si es necesario hacer alguna llamada a un nà ºmero en particular al tratarse de visas para grupos. En là ­neas generales se va a pedir: Que como primer paso se rellene electrà ³nicamente la forma DS-156.Una fotografà ­a que reà ºna las especificaciones exigidas.Abono de la cuota o arancel de la visa. El dà ­a de la cita para la entrevista llevar toda la documentacià ³n exigida por la pgina web del consulado. Seguro es necesario llevar el pasaporte actual y los pasados, pero se puede requerir ms documentacià ³n. Las visas pueden negarse por muchas razones que son clasificadas dentro de dos grandes categorà ­as. En primer lugar, las que convierten a una persona en inadmisible para ingresar a Estados Unidos y otras que la convierten en inelegible para la visa no inmigrante. Estancia en Estados Unidos Los titulares de una visa P sà ³lo podrn permanecer en Estados Unidos por el tiempo que estn autorizados. Para ello lo fundamental no es fijarse en la fecha de la visa, sino en la del documento conocido como I-94. Si se desea extender la estancia, entonces el empleador deber solicitarlo al USCIS rellenando la forma I-539. Tambià ©n es posible realizar sustituciones en los miembros que componen el grupo. Pero el empleador debe solicitarlo al USCIS. Otras opciones a la visa P Estados Unidos brinda diferentes tipos de visas que permiten trabajar en el paà ­s. Cada tipo de visa tiene sus propios requisitos y es necesario cumplirlos todos. Es importante familiarizarse con ellas y tambià ©n conocer cules son todos documentos que permiten trabajar legalmente en los Estados Unidos. Trabajar ilegalmente puede ser causa de revocacià ³n de la visa, expulsià ³n inmediata, prohibicià ³n de ingresar a Estados Unidos o deportacià ³n. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Abortion - Essay Example However, the opponents assert that life begins at conception and must be protected by law. They argue that abortion inflicts pain and suffering of the unborn as such it is wrong to allow abortion while couples who cannot biologically conceive wait to adopt (Naden 33). The divergent views have created a society with mixed perception on the issue which has in turn created more confusion. Abortion needs serious evaluation to be able to reach a conclusive agreement. Despite the pro-abortion activism, it must be addressed by considering the pro-life argument and develop a conclusive approach. Abortion rights as stipulated in the law are complex and needs elaboration and arguments in order to develop the clarity. Abortion issues create serious challenges in the society when addressing the issues of sanctity of life. The protection of the rights of the unborn and the right of a mother poses a serious challenge for the legal fraternity especially when abortion is concerned. There is some agreeable situation where abortion is considered, but in some instances it is a matter of

Personal Statement for the UCAS application (UK Universities)

For the UCAS application (UK Universities) - Personal Statement Example industry is a major driver of the world’s major economies with new innovations, new discoveries particularly in electronic devices, new technologies in food and clothing industries and flow of new medicines to different healthcare facilities of the world. I want to be part of this industry for I have always wanted to work where I can positively impact the lives of people. I wish to study in the UK since most of my friends have pursued their international studies in the UK based Universities and have highly recommended me to join these international institutions where all are welcome and where world-class teaching takes place. I have also been doing my own research on the best place to undertake my course and I have discovered that UK is that best place for UK education is one of the few recognized by governments, universities and employers in all corner of the world. Also, universities ranked as best in the world are based here in the UK. I am sponsored by SABIC Company which is one of the major manufacturing companies in Saudi Arabia and the largest public company listed in Middle East specializing in industrial polymers, chemicals and intermediates, metals and even fertilizers. Basically, I am a part of this company hence this career does not only match my strengths but also my future interests. I therefore feel that pursuing chemical engineering perfectly suits my job and will allow me to utilize my talents in the best way as I acquire the needed skills and knowledge to lead SABIC Company to even becoming a better chemical manufacturer and maintaining its ground as a world major chemical manufacturing company. I am practically a very social person and I love meeting and making new friends. Therefore, apart from having reading as my leisure interests, I love visiting museums and national archives. A visit to the museum and national archives makes me feel satisfied. I also love outdoor activities and sporting activities. Eating out, walking in the parks,

HTM101 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HTM101 - Research Paper Example The American accommodation industry regularly acknowledges Marriott Hotels as a leading player because of practicing grand business ethics. In addition to being an event and accommodation company, Marriott Hotels oversees the high-quality visitor loyalty initiative called Marriott Rewards and The Ritz-Carlton Rewards initiatives that collectively exceed 45 million members globally (Kuang, 2012). Before 1957, founder J. Willard Marriott, along with his spouse Alice, ran a simple root beer store in Washington D.C. that gradually grew a drive-in diner called Hot Shoppes in 1927 (Marriott Jr. and Brown, 2013). Between 1957 and 1985, Marriott created Marriott Hotels as a means of venturing into the accommodation and hospitality sector fully. This business move was historical for the company since it marked the bold application of the owner’s interest in worldwide enterprise. Before his demise in 1985, Marriott transformed the American, Mexican, and European hospitality sectors with the foundation of the pioneering and biggest motor hotel (Marriott Jr. and Brown, 2013). The takeover of Marriott Hotels by Marriott’s son, J. W. Junior, saw the inclusion of numerous new brands into the organization’s operations and partnerships as a creative model (Marriott Jr. and Brown, 2013). This model was the first of its kind since it aimed at extending stays for business visitors or guests in all Marriott Hotels. In 1993, J. W. Junior formally founds a new organization, Marriott International Inc. that takes over operational and managerial roles for all Marriott Hotels and its brands (Marriott Jr. and Brown, 2013). By 2014, Marriott International had acquired more than five accommodation companies across the world, including The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company and Renaissance Hotel Group. During the same period, Marriott International launched historic brands in European, Asian, and African markets like Bulgari Hotels & Resorts in Italy, AC Hotels

Boot Camps and Future Offending Essay Example for Free

Boot Camps and Future Offending Essay :Â   The creation and implementation of programs such as correctional boot camps for juvenile offenders are fundamentally a response to other programs that persistently fail to prevent future offending; indeed, and examination of the relevant academic literature clearly demonstrates that A large body of research, including random assignment studies, consistently shows the failure of community restraint programs to lower recidivism (Sherman, Farrington, Welsh, and Mackenzie 345). The question therefore becomes whether correctional boot camps function as a viable alternative in terms of preventing future offending by juveniles. The issue is especially relevant because demographic changes show an increase in the population of children under the age of ten as well as increases in certain types of offending. The fear is that a failure to identify successful programs to curtail future offending by juveniles will result in an explosion in juvenile offending and recidivism in the near future. Sadly, the preponderance of the empirical evidence suggests that correctional boot camps for juveniles are not a viable institutional solution for preventing future offending (Sherman, Farrington, Welsh, and Mackenzie 346). One scholar even goes so far as to argue that programs that are excessively harsh or punitive, like boot camps, either have no effects or iatrogenic effects; this finding echoes Fagans conclusion about sanctioning juveniles as adults (Steinberg 9). The consequence has been a movement away from the use of correctional boot camps and a state-based movement toward legislation designed to simply transfer difficult juveniles to adult criminal jurisdiction through various types of transfer proceedings. These condemnations of correctional boot camps, however, fail to properly acknowledge the fact that there does exist some empirical research suggesting that some boot camps for juveniles have and may continue to diminish future offending (Dale 91). In support of this thesis, that correctional boot camps for juveniles have generally failed to prevent or minimize future offending, it is helpful to examine the structural features of these boot camps, the benefits and drawbacks, and the best methods for implementation. As an initial matter, these correctional boot camps are designed to instill a sense of personal responsibility and to simultaneously instill a sense of belonging to a larger group mentality. The programs are derived and to some extant modeled on the boot camp philosophies and programs conducted by the United States Marines. Structurally, they focus on structure, discipline and physical and/or mental challenge (Sherman, Farrington, Welsh, and Mackenzie 345). The boot camps are therefore of a slightly more holistic and interdisciplinary nature than other correctional programs such as diversion, punishment, and transfers to adult criminal jurisdiction. One of the underlying premises is that by addressing the entire person, both the juvenile’s physical and mental well-being, that these juvenile offenders will emerge from the boot camps more confident and better prepared to function as responsible members of society. There is also a punishment feature given the fact that these camps are rather strenuous and there is a hope that this will function as an incentive against future offending. Interesting, not all boot camps are the same. Some focus on physical exertion and absolute subordination and discipline whereas others concentrate on therapeutic approaches to treating and condition the juveniles. The research suggests that the results vary depending on the type of boot camp employed. More specifically, physical activities may have health benefits but they may not address the criminogenic needs of these offenders (Sherman, Farrington, Welsh, and Mackenzie 348), but there is some evidence suggesting that therapeutic boot camps may yield better results although more research need to be done in this area. A review of the research therefore suggests that correctional boot camps focusing too much on physical activities are unlikely to significantly reduce future offending by juveniles. Therapeutically-oriented boot camps may provide better results but more research needs to be carried out. The main benefit associated with correctional boot camps is the fact that it functions as a correctional alternative to transfers to adult criminal jurisdiction. The failure to devise programs capable of reducing future offending by juveniles has provided ammunition for citizens and policy makers who prefer to simply treat juveniles as adults and to thereby effectively give up on rehabilitation theories as they pertain to increasing numbers of juveniles. There is therefore a very real incentive to design a more effective type of correctional boot camp in order to avoid the state-based legislative trend to lock up juveniles in adult facilities before tossing away the figurative key. On the other hand, it can also be argued that many correctional boot camps may be failing because they too closely mirror the Marine boot camps from which they are derived without properly incorporating therapeutic models and individual counseling to deal with specific problems or risk factors contributing to juvenile offending. Juveniles are not soldiers, they are not Marines, and this separation needs to be made both theoretically and in terms of implementation. These boot camps might also be designed and implemented in a more selective fashion; more specifically, in terms of determining when and which juveniles are suitable candidates for correctional boot camps, it is advisable to adapt the boot camp structure to particular types of juvenile offenders rather than attempting to compel juveniles with diverse backgrounds and personalities to adapt to the boot camps. In conclusion, the majority of the available evidence presents a less than flattering commentary regarding the effectiveness of correctional boot camps in terms of future offending. Significantly, however, studies in states such as Florida have demonstrated that some types of boot camps have yielded positive results. Rather than praising or condemning boot camps in general, researchers should focus on identifying the valuable features of boot camps in order to design and match future boot camps to the specific needs of different types of juvenile offenders. Works Cited Dale, Nancy. Boot Camp: the Last Stop for Juvenile Offenders. Law Order Dec. 2000: 91+. Questia. Web. 9 May 2010. Sherman, Lawrence W. , David P. Farrington, Brandon C. Welsh, and Doris Layton Mackenzie, eds. Evidence-Based Crime Prevention. London: Routledge, 2002. Questia. Web. 9 May 2010. Steinberg, Laurence. Introducing the Issue. The Future of Children 18. 2 (2008): 3+. Questia. Web. 9 May 2010.

Earthquake of 1987 :: essays research papers fc

I. Introduction Earthquakes in California are certainly not a surprise. What is a surprise is their unpredictability and randomness. Geologists say there is roughly a 50 percent chance that a magnitude 8 or more quake will hit the Los Angeles area sometime over the next 30 years. And, over the past twenty years, the Los Angeles area has witnessed several earthquakes, and in particular, two that were quite devastating; the 1971 San Fernando earthquake, and the January 17, 1994, Northridge Earthquake. Given the certainty that earthquakes will occur, they still seem to come as a surprise, and leave many communities unprepared to deal with their aftermath. For example, on October 1, 1987, at 7:42 a.m. the residents of the Los Angeles basin got a jolting reminder of the perils of "living on the fault line." This was due to the so-called Whittier Narrows earthquake. Hardest hit by the quake, was Whittier (pop. 72,000). Whittier is twelve miles from downtown Los Angeles and was the community closest to the epicenter. When the quake, registering 6.1 on the Richter scale, first struck, it was thought to be centered along the Old Whittier Fault. However, after extensive study, it was determined that it was actually the result of a "new" fault, or a fault that had not previously been discovered by scientists. II. Lessons Learned From The 1987 Whittier Narrows Earthquake What are the lessons learned from the Whittier quake? And, how does this quake compare to other more recent, higher magnitude quakes? Despite the fact that regular warnings are part of California living, repeated in schools, in earthquake exercises, by local and state governments, and even in the front of telephone books, many people were caught off-guard and panicked. Fortunately, Californians learned a lot from the Whittier quake. The Whittier earthquake was not the "big one" that Angelenos perpetually wait for. This may be hard to comprehend given the extensive damage caused by the earthquake. Although classified as "moderate," the quake left more than 100 injured and six dead, including an electrical repairman buried in an underground tunnel, a college student struck by falling concrete in a campus garage, and three people who died of heart attacks brought on by the shock. As a spokesman for the city of Whittier put it, the crumbled business district "looks like downtown Beirut." (Kerr, 16). Twenty buildings there were condemned and over 2000 homes were damaged.

Media Bias in Politics Essay

Media bias is alive and well in politics. It is a â€Å"term used to describe prejudice in news and media reports, in which it is perceived as an imbalance or unfair presentation of facts or selective reporting of which events or facts are reported. † Media bias is present in every aspect of American politics, and plays a significant role in influencing voters’ opinions and beliefs. The media frames the information that voters utilize within their decision making process. As a result, many have voiced their concern that the media may be conventionally distorting political opinion. Media bias has the ability to make voters bias, and hence, bias policy decisions. It is a vicious cycle that can either make or break a candidate’s campaign, as well as their chances of obtaining an office seat. It can make a villain out of a candidate or make him/her a hero. The media affects the publics’ interest in politics by presenting the people with what they want to see and hear. Within a campaign, the media will focus their attention on the issues that they consider to be the most important. The other issues will be ignored, or placed on the back burner. This goes for candidate coverage as well. The media will focus on the candidates they consider most important, and the others will be ignored. One of the most prominent examples of media bias in politics dates back to the first televised Presidential debate between Kennedy and Nixon in 1960. It showed just how biased the media was toward public figures that oozed charisma and harbored a strong emotional presence. It tarnished the campaigns of those whose auras were less engaging. On television, Kennedy appeared to the general public as young, vibrant; full of charisma, and needless to say, â€Å"television friendly†. Nixon on the other hand, appeared to the general public as old and uninteresting, not suitable for television. A poll conducted after the televised debate suggested that radio listeners thought Nixon had won, while television viewers thought Kennedy had won, by a landslide. Needless to say, Kennedy emerged as the first President â€Å"made for television†. Many political candidates use the power of â€Å"image,† projected by the media, to influence viewers. When running for President, Bill Clinton used the media to his advantage, appearing on talk shows where he played his saxophone. To the public, this made him appear more of a â€Å"people person†, more accessible, and more charismatic. Barack Obama did the same thing, appearing on the View, SNL, and several other talk shows. The media loved this fun-loving side of Obama, and from this projected image, so did the American people. Other political candidates have had terrible luck with media bias. Ron Paul is a prime example. The media portrayed Ron Paul as the joke of the 2008 Presidential election. He received very little coverage. He was â€Å"that boring, old guy with the uncommon Libertarian views. † He did not appeal to the American people, and as a result, was considered â€Å"unelectable. † Media bias is also known to greatly affect women candidates. A recent study showed that men received substantially more press coverage than women. Men had about twice as many stories written about them than women. Furthermore, research showed that stories about female candidates were big on emphasizing their physical appearance and personal lives. There were approximately three times as many physical descriptions (referencing their clothing style, hair, age, etc. ) as their male competitors in the race. Furthermore, women candidates were portrayed in a stereotypical light, as being more emotional and oftentimes, their professional titles were excluded from stories. In the 2008 presidential election, Obama was far more prominent in the press than his female competitor, Hillary Clinton. Both candidates announced their run for presidency in January of 2007. Despite the fact that Clinton had higher poll ratings than Obama, the six most influential newspapers in the United States ran twice as many stories mentioning Obama in the headline than Clinton that month. Sarah Palin is another woman candidate/ â€Å"victim† of negative media bias. A great deal of the media coverage that Palin has garnered has been negative. The media focused a great deal on her physical appearance and her family life. During her campaign, her 17-year-old daughter, Bristol, became pregnant, and the media coldheartedly used that to bash Palin’s parenting skills, bringing personal life into politics. The media questioned â€Å"how can Palin be a good president if she can’t be a good mother? † Furthermore, the media criticized Palin for not staying home to care for her sick child who had been born with Downs Syndrome. Perhaps it is this brutal media bias towards women that scares them away from the political arena. The media is influential in politics, past, present, and future. For those who do not take the time to educate themselves on matters of politics, they depend on the media to exhibit the news in a readily accessible form. It becomes easy to grasp how crucial the media is, and what the effects of the news on society will be. Media bias can make or break a political candidate. Positive and frequent media coverage wins elections. Negative and/or minimal media coverage loses elections. Some candidates have learned how to use the media to their advantage, while others have little control, unable to recover from the scars left from negative media bias. Media bias will forever be a part of American politics, and to be in its favor welcomes success.