Qualitative Research On Research Methods Essay - 839 Words

This type of research methods involve describing in detail specific situation using research tools like interviews, surveys, and Observations. Qualitative Research is primarily exploratory research. It is used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative research. Qualitative Research is also used to uncover trends in thought and opinions, and dive deeper into the problem. Qualitative data collection methods vary using unstructured or semi-structured techniques. Some common methods include focus groups (group discussions), individual interviews, and participation/observations. The sample size is typically small, and respondents are selected to fulfill a given quota. so it is useful for each and every methods. Quantitative This type of research methods requires quantifiable data involving numerical and statistical explanations. Quantitative Research is used to quantify the problem by way of generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into usable statistics. It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables – and generalize results from a larger sample population. Quantitative Research uses measurable data to formulate facts and uncover patterns in research. Quantitative data collection methhelloys face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, longitudinal studies, website interceptors, onlineShow MoreRelatedQualitative Research : Research Methods1166 Words   |  5 Pages Qualitative Research Name: Allana Sibille SOC 333: Research Methods Professor: Risa Garelick December 3rd, 2015 Qualitative Research Qualitative research reflects the multiple ways researcher’s collect data and explore information through literature review. Participant’s review is often observed for analysis while â€Å"the role of the researcher focuses as the primary data collection instrument necessitates the identification of personal values, assumptions and biases at the outsetRead MoreQualitative Research : Research Methods1219 Words   |  5 PagesQualitative Research Justin Netcher SOC 333: Research Methods Jeremy Baker December 19, 2016 Qualitative Research Qualitative research reflects different ways that researcher’s collect data and explore all of the information through literature review. Participant’s that are reviewing is often observed for analysis while â€Å"the role of the researcher focuses as the primary data collection instrument necessitates the identification of personal values, assumptions and biases at the outset ofRead MoreQualitative Research Methods5213 Words   |  21 PagesOVERVIEW Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector’s Field Guide Module 1 Qualitative Research Methods Overview F A M I L Y H E A L T H I N T E R N A T I O N A L Qualitative Research Methods Overview OVERVIEW T †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ his module introduces the fundamental elements of a qualitative approach to research, to help you understand and become proficient in the qualitative methods discussed in subsequent modules. We recommend that you consult the suggested readings at the end of the moduleRead MoreQualitative Research Methods1185 Words   |  5 PagesCOURSE | : | QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS AND APPROACHES | COURSE CODE | : | BIR6024 | CREDIT | : | 4 | SLT | : | 160 hours | PREREQUISITE | : | GRU6014 | SEMESTER | : | First / Second | LEARNING OUTCOMES | : | 1. Use qualitative research methods and approaches in collecting and analyzing data. 2. Conduct qualitative research methods in education. 3. Critical in evaluating research reports. 4. Demonstrate ethical practices in collecting and analyzing data. | SYNOPSISLECTURERS’Read MoreQualitative Research Methods5198 Words   |  21 PagesOVERVIEW Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector’s Field Guide Module 1 Qualitative Research Methods Overview F A M I L Y H E A L T H I N T E R N A T I O N A L Qualitative Research Methods Overview OVERVIEW T †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ his module introduces the fundamental elements of a qualitative approach to research, to help you understand and become proficient in the qualitative methods discussed in subsequent modules. We recommend that you consult the suggested readingsRead MoreQualitative Research Methods6311 Words   |  26 PagesPROJECT QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS FROM AN ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE à hsan Ulaà ¾ Kocaoà °lu JANUARY 2006 CONTENTS Definition of Qualitative Research in Social Sciences Approaches to Management Research Positivism versus Phenomenology Deductive and Inductive Schools of Thought in Management Research Major Qualitaitve Research Approaches Ethnographic Approach Phenomenology Field Research Grounded Theory Case study Action Research Narrative research Qualitative DataRead MoreQualitative Research Methods4061 Words   |  17 PagesBusiness Research Skills Qualitative Research Report Business Research Skills Qualitative Research Report Teresa Cooney B00251777 Teresa Cooney B00251777 Contents Introduction 2 1. Research Design 3 1.1 Qualitative Research Methods 3 1.2 Thematic Analysis 3 2. Findings and Analysis 6 References 8 Appendix 1 9 Appendix 2 13 Introduction This report has been commissioned by the University of the West of Scotland (Paisley campus) for the Business Research SkillsRead MoreMethods And Methods Of Qualitative Research1057 Words   |  5 PagesMethod Approach Qualitative research is normally recognizable via the use of methods that include, in-depth interviews and group moderation techniques; a particular objective to answer is â€Å"why?† and â€Å"how?† (Bailey, 2014). One of the great benefits of the qualitative research method is that it offers a wide range of approaches that can be used to capture data. In order to ensure credibility, two approaches will be used to conduct this research. The ethnographic approach will be used to understandRead MoreQualitative Research Methods986 Words   |  4 Pagesbi-weekly interviews for 14 weeks, relevant document collection, and field notes. Each interview took around sixty minutes. The survey was used to understand respondents’ general education background and select suitable participants for the further qualitative data collection. Interviews asked their English and academic learning situations in Taiwan, the processes of studying in graduate programs, present doctoral le arning situations, in and out of class academic (writing) activities, academic (writing)Read MoreQualitative Quantitative Research Methods1047 Words   |  5 PagesQualitative amp; Quantitative Research Methods PSY 326 Dr. Willow Aureala March 29, 2011 Qualitative amp; Quantitative Research Methods There are two types of research methods: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative research methods are complex meaningful analyses characterized by processes and meanings that are not measured in terms of mathematical measurements. Quantitative research however, relies and builds on mathematical procedures and methods, such as frequency, quality, amount

The Socio Economic Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy - 1517 Words

Teenage pregnancy is normally identified as deprived life choice, for example, tasks of teenage parenting have long-term impact on the mental health of the mother and children (Statistics New Zealand, 2003). It is important to identify the socio economic factors of teenage pregnancy to lower the chances of mental health problems in young mothers. In this paper the aim is to analyse the main socio economic factors of teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent mother in New Zealand. This essay will commence by identifying how a lack of education is considered as a socio economic factor associated with teenage pregnancy, followed by the second theme which will consist of economic circumstances such as, parental unemployment and welfare dependency. Lastly, this essay will discuss how deficiency of support from family and friends lead to unstable relationships, which has a huge impact on a teenage mother’s mental health. A lack of education is o ne of the main socio economic factors which impact the mental health of an adolescent mother. Studies show a number of negative outcomes that are linked with dropping out of school at an early age. For example, youth that tend to gain fewer educational qualifications are more likely to be in unstable relationships resulting in a lack of knowledge regarding contraceptive use which leaves them to deal with economic circumstances (Breheny Stephens, 2008; Friesen, Woodward, Fergusson, Horwood, Show MoreRelatedEssay on Implications of Teenage Pregnancy in the United States1457 Words   |  6 Pagesincidence of teenage pregnancy has generally been in decline since 1991, the causes and effects of underage childbearing has continued to be a big burden on families, the public and government. Babies having babies is the simplistic way that some people have described the specter of having a baby while teenager are unprepared. The United State case study which is the subject of this paper is unique, even though reflecting the same generic features with teenagers elsewhere in the world. Teenage pregnancyRead MoreSocio-Economic Status Affecting the Early Teenage Pregnancy5379 Words   |  22 PagesProblems and its Background Introduction National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy says that teenage pregnancy is occurring in an adolescent girl between the ages of 13 to 18. Socioeconomic is one factor in which is the social and economic experiences that help mold ones personality, attitudes, and lifestyle. It can also define regions and neighborhoods. Socioeconomic factors also include the ethnicity, and sense of community. Socioeconomic status is based on family incomeRead MoreCausal Analysis Paper: Significant Rise in High School Dropout Rates in United States1602 Words   |  6 Pagesof school before their graduation (Ferris West, 69). Students belonging to minority groups and low socio-economic status fail to complete high school. According to the research conducted by Bridgeland, DeIulio Morison (204), it was found out that African American and Hispanic students were most likely to leave high school before graduation because majority of them belonged to low socio-economic background. It shoul d be noted there are wide ranging causes of higher rates of high school dropoutsRead MoreSocio-Economic Status Affecting the Early Teenage Pregnancy5386 Words   |  22 PagesThe Problems and its Background Introduction National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy says that teenage pregnancy is occurring in an adolescent girl between the ages of 13 to 18. Socioeconomic is one factor in which is the social and economic experiences that help mold ones personality, attitudes, and lifestyle. It can also define regions and neighborhoods. Socioeconomic factors also include the ethnicity, and sense of community. Socioeconomic status is based on family incomeRead MoreQuestions On The On Teenage Pregnancy Essay3086 Words   |  13 Pagesbroad area of interest initially identified was, â€Å"teenage pregnancy†. While researching for information on teenage pregnancy, findings showed that it was too broad as there were too many sub-topics. For example, cultural differences, impacts on families, society and many more. Therefore further research was conducted so that the area of interest could be narrowed down. The topic was refined to â€Å"How does socio-economic factors of teenage pregnancy affect the mental health of an adolescent motherRead MoreAn Ideal Age At Which Women Should Conceive Their First Child1600 Words   |  7 Pages2012), the age at which women have their first baby has consistently increased in recent decades. Cumulative research proposes that adolescent parenthood may impinge on childhood development because of a variety of factors, including psychological, biological and socio-contextual factors, and thus having children at an older age may be more beneficial for the child. This review seeks to examine whether there is an ideal age at which women should conceive their first child so as to ensure optimal developmentRead MoreThe Dangers Of Adolescent Pregnancy1453 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescent pregnancy occurs between the ages of 15-19 (as defined by the World Health Organisation) (Adolescent Pregnancy., 2014) and most commonly occurs in developing countrie s (Such as sub-Saharan Africa [Teen pregnancy statistics, 2016]). As many of the pregnancies happening are to young girls from under-developed countries, they are often unable to afford the necessary healthcare that most developed countries could provide expectant mothers. Due to the fact that under-developed countries haveRead MoreTeen Pregnancy947 Words   |  4 PagesFACT SHEET WORLD POPULATION DAY 11 JULY 2008 Young People and Family Planning: Teenage Pregnancy DEFINITION Teenage pregnancy is defined as a teenage girl, usually within the ages of 13-19, becoming pregnant. The term in everyday speech usually refers to girls who have not reached legal adulthood, which varies across the world, who become pregnant. THE CURRENT SITUATION †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Half of the world’s population are under 25. Some 1.8 billion are aged 10-25, history’s largest generationRead MoreImproving The Retention Rate Of South Nigeria1424 Words   |  6 Pagesand we can infer that the decision to stay in school is influenced by parents. Background Gender discrimination is the main reason for the lower retention rates of girls in this region. Girls in Northern Nigeria are faced with a series of socio-economic pressures from their parents and society that cause their removal from school. If parents are unable to pay for the tuition of all their children, the male children would be enrolled in school while the girls would be remain at home and work orRead MoreThe Impact of Housing Benefits on Pregnant Teenagers1403 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsible for providing many deserving groups with financial and material support. As such we consider the various factors that create beneficial opportunities for individuals. We delve into the specific case of pregnant teenagers who make for a particularly deserving group with regards to their special circumstances. Housing benefits are generally considered and their obvious socio-economic impacts are recognized. Public Services in most developed countries are targeted towards making lives convenient

Financial Analysis Of The Wonderland Construction Supplies Company

Question: Discuss about the Financial Analysis Of The Wonderland Construction Supplies Company. Answer: Introduction Wonderland Construction Supplies has started the business in July, 16 with the capital of $70,000 and prepared the financial statements after completing all the year-end adjustments. In this report financial analysis of the company has been done using the accounting ratios following with the brief interpretation of the financial statements. This report also provided information on depreciation methods used to accounts the fixed assets, methods used for inventory management and internal control mechanisms. Interpretation of the financial statements Income Statement: Income statement provides the amount of revenue generated and cost of goods used to earned that revenue. Income statement also provided the information on the various operating expenses that are incurred to carry out different operations in the company such as administration work, rent to the owner etc. At the year end on June 30, Wonderland has earned the revenue of $69,120.00 but the expenses are greater than the revenue earned that turns into a loss in the current year. Statement of Equity change: This statement provides detail on the changes that are made during the year to the capital or equity balance. Changes can occur due to addition or withdrawal of capital and also due to profit or loss incurred in the year. Profit is regarded as the increase in capital so it is added to the equity as retained earnings. On other hand loss is subtracted more resources are used to generate the same level of revenue. There has been capital contribution at the starting of year, $70,000 and $2000 withdrawal has been in the form of drawings. Further equity is reduced to loss made by the company. Balance Sheet: This statement shows the year-end balances of all the assets and liabilities that company owns at the balance sheet date. It contains value of different current assets, non-current assets, current liabilities, non-current liabilities and shareholders equity. It shows how balances of assets meet with the balances of the liabilities and equity capital (Bull, 2007). Financial Ratios Current Ratio: Current ratio helps to measure the liquidity of the company as it shows current assets divided by the current liabilities. It provides times the current assets the company has to pay its short term liabilities. Formula: Current Assets/Current Liabilities Current ratio of Wonderland: $78,247.20/ $18,227.00 = 4.29 times Current ratio of competitor: 1.5 times to 2.7 times Current ratio of the Wonderland Company is far better than the current ratio of its competitors as company has more than 4 times the current assets to pay the short term liabilities as compare to 1.5 to 2.7 times of their competitors. Gross Profit Ratio: This ratio measures the percentage of gross profit earned by the company. Gross profit is sales revenue less cost of goods sold. Formula: Gross Profit/Sales Revenue *100 Gross profit of Wonderland: $20,664.00/ $69,120.00 = 29.90% Gross profit of competitor: 38% to 43% The gross profit percentage of the competitor is much better than the gross profit percentage of the company (Drake and Fabozzi, 2012). Depreciation Methods There are mainly two important depreciation methods available. They are: Straight line method: In this method, depreciation is charged over the useful of life of assets. Any salvage value of assets is subtracted from the cost of machine and remaining value of assets is depreciated equally over the useful life of assets. The major benefit of this method is that same portion of deprecation has to be charged to profit and loss account, therefore easy to calculate. Reducing Balance Method: This method is also known as written down value method as in this case depreciation is charged on the value of assets that is remained after charging the each year depreciation. A fixed percentage of depreciation is charged to the value of asset until the assets is sold or write off from the balance sheet. Every year calculation needs to be done to calculate the depreciation (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). Inventory Management Method There are two more methods used to value the inventory other than weighted average method: FIFO (First in First out): In this method goods that are first purchased will be sold first and so on. Under this method value of inventory at the balance sheet date might increase as it is lower value inventory is sold first as comparison or high value inventory. It is assumed that company has paid more for buying the inventory as the business progress. LIFO (Last in Last out): In this method goods that are last brought will be sold first and so on. It is will decrease the value of inventory at the balance date (Bull, 2007). Internal control mechanisms Internal control mechanism helps to put control on the misuse of resources like bank reconciliation statement provides the difference of balances in bank passbook and bank account in general ledger. Other internal control mechanisms are petty cash register to record the expenses made small expenses occurred on daily basis (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). Conclusion It can hereby conclude that Wonderland has done perfectly fine in first year of business despite of some loss. There is great hope that company will do much better in future years. It is recommended to the company to look after the sales price of goods and also to decrease the cost through applying various cost reducing methods. References Bull, R. 2007. Financial Ratios: How to use financial ratios to maximise value and success for your business'. Elsevier. Drake, P. P. and Fabozzi, F. J. 2012. Analysis of Financial Statements. John Wiley Sons. Fridson, M. S. and Alvarez, F. 2011. Financial Statement Analysis: A Practitioner's Guide. John Wiley Sons.

War On Drugs Essay Research Paper Have free essay sample

War On Drugs Essay, Research Paper Have we lost the War on Drugs? The War on Drugs officially started in 1972 with President Nixon declaring that drug jurisprudence enforcement was non rigorous plenty. To implement the Torahs of the original Harrison Act, a new and intensified program was to be enacted. The war reached its extremum during the Reagan and Bush disposals, in which $ 67 billion was spent in enforcement of drug Torahs. The program had worked comparatively good until near the terminal of the Bush disposal and drug usage overall was down. But the Clinton disposal has non been as effectual and it is clip to find what our following class of action will be sing drug enforcement. Prisons are going progressively overcrowded and many people are being labeled as? difficult felons? as a consequence of experimentation with soft drugs. There are many possible classs of action to take, but the best 1 is non really distinct. We will write a custom essay sample on War On Drugs Essay Research Paper Have or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page America has ever had a enormous demand for illegal drugs. And simple economic rules will demo that when there is a big demand for a merchandise person will provide it. It is merely like any other cherished trade good and follows the same theory of? purchase low, sell high? . Foreign beginnings have historically supplied this great demand. Latin America? s drug Godheads have ever been a really large job for the United States. It can be virtually impossible to catch them in a place to do an apprehension. The power and support that these drug Godheads receive can about overpower governments seeking to halt them ( Burdge 2 ) . One of the largest of all time drug sellers was Pablo Escobar Gaviria, he was so big and powerful, non even the tribunal system could penalize him when he was arrested and detained. The collaring officers were killed and nine different Judgess would non seek the instance due to menaces on their lives. Then the functionary records disappeared from the courthouse and at that place could non be a test. His cyberspace worth grew to about $ 2 billion and he was assisting the people of his native Colombia by constructing infirmaries and public lodging to derive public support. After about 20 old ages and at least 60 dozenss of imported Cocaine, he was eventually stopped in a gunfight at his house ( Escobar 1 ) . Cocaine and marijuana normally come from the Caribbean and Latin America. Heroin has historically come from Southeast Asia and the Middle East. But now we have a greater job than halting imports, we must halt domestic production every bit good. Marijuana, Methamphetamines, and LSD are going more popular and can be produced in America every bit good as foreign states. It is estimated that one tierce to one half of all Americas marijuana ingestion comes from domestic beginnings ( Falco 145 ) . Drugs in the United States have been a job for the last 100 old ages. It is presently estimated that at least 77 million Americans have used and elicit drug at least one time in their life ( Department of Health 17 ) . The United States? authorities has ever tried to cut off the primary supply from other states. They have tried assorted different methods, which include? diplomatic negotiations, economic aid, coercion, and military force? ( Falco 146 ) . Initially this class of action showed great promise. The most effectual clip for the drug war was during the late eightiess, after battling the enormous cocaine usage in the early 80s, the new schemes adopted by President Reagan were really effectual. By following Ronald Reagan? s case in point for rough intervention of drug wrongdoers President George Bush had cut Cocaine usage by 80 % from 1985 to 1992 when he left office ( Bennett 140 ) . Ronald Reagan made battling drug usage one of his most of import issues. He said that drug maltreatment was # 8220 ; one of the gravest jobs confronting [ America ] . # 8221 ; And he said, ? winning the war against drug maltreatment is one of the most of import, the most pressing issues facing us today? ( NBC News ) . And every bit shortly as his 2nd term began he made a great attempt to carry through his promises. January 21st of 1984 marked the first twenty-four hours that alterations were made in the Reagan disposal sing drugs. He basically gave the FBI with DEA legal power to implement drug Torahs and investigate drug instances. He besides made the FBI responsible for describing what advancement they had made during probes, so they would be slightly accountable for increasing or diminishing drug usage. Reagan described it # 8220 ; giving the drug job the sort of focal point it needs. # 8221 ; Besides during Ronald Reagan? s term a? Office of Director of National and Internati onal Drug Operations and Policy? was formed by Congress to further battle the drug job. Two Torahs were passed in 1984, the Comprehensive Crime Act and the Narcotics Act of 1984. Congress besides established a drug policy board? because it found that drug trafficking was estimated to be an $ 80 billion a twelvemonth industry ; merely 5 to 15 per centum of the drugs imported into the state were interdicted ; and commanding the supply of drugs was thought to be a cardinal to cut downing the drug-related offense epidemic? ( America? s Habit 2 ) . Congress and the Reagan disposal did non halt at that place, in 1984 they continued to go through statute law refering to illegal drugs. They passed the Aviation Drug-Trafficking Control Act. Which would necessitate Federal Aviation Association ( FAA ) administers to revoke any Air Certificates and Aircraft Registrations for anyone convicted of a drug-related offense. Some of the most of import statute law that was base on ballss was under the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984. This contained one of the most controversial narcotic related Torahs in history, which was the Comprehensive Forfeiture Act of 1984. This jurisprudence revised old condemnable forfeiture Acts of the Apostless. ? Today few in the Congress or the jurisprudence enforcement community fail to acknowledge that the traditional condemnable countenances of mulct and imprisonment are unequal to discourage or penalize the tremendously profitable trade in unsafe drugs. . . Clearly, if jurisprudence enforcement attem pts to battle racketeering and drug trafficking are to be successful, they must include an onslaught on the economic facets of these offenses. Forfeit is the mechanism through which such an onslaught may be made? ( America? s Habit 2 ) . This jurisprudence has been the beginning of many legal conflicts and led people to impeach the authorities of unlawfully impounding their belongings and in many instances the people that lost belongings may non even be charged with a offense, allow entirely convicted of one ( Bauman 34 ) . As 1984 continued more and more statute law was sent through Congress. The Controlled Substance Registrant Act of 1984 was passed. This made it illegal to steal any sum of a controlled substance from a registrant. It besides included the prohibition of certain prescription drugs, as a consequence of their limited medical usage and their maltreatment on the streets. Another jurisprudence called the Controlled Substances Penalties Act of 1984 was besides passed ; this made punishments stiffer, in peculiar, leting up to 20 old ages and $ 250,000 mulct for big sums of certain drugs, such as LSD or PCP. It besides allowed for the punishment to duplicate for any individual within 1000 pess of a school when caught distributing. 1986 brought about another really controversial drug related jurisprudence. It was the passage of compulsory lower limits. Which has had many people ferocious about it since its passage. Mandatory lower limits mean that if a individual is convicted of a certain offense they will hold a minimal sentence to function, with no exclusions. As a consequence many people feel they have been sentenced to harsh, where as their offense was non every bit terrible as person before them but they received the same sentence. This jurisprudence besides fundamentally takes the power off from the Judgess and topographic points it into the custodies of the prosecuting officers, as they control what the suspect will be charged with and whether to accept a supplication deal or non. This slightly defeats the intent of a test in many instances because if the suspect is found guilty the justice and jury have no portion in finding how terrible the suspect? s offense was, and they can non put a sentence conseq uently. The authorities claims that these Torahs will transfuse fear in many felons, and they claim that the offense rates will travel down every bit a consequence, but this theory has yet to keep up ( Caulkins, 24 ) . Ronald Reagan ended his presidential term in 1988 as one of the most effectual drug combatants in history. He made great attempts and spent enormous sums of money on the drug war ; he had successfully passed big sums of statute law through Congress, which had helped to check down on drug smuggling and drug usage, slightly. His married woman had started the DARE plan, to seek and acquire immature childs to neer get down utilizing drugs ( Goodwin 1 ) . President George Bush had many of the same thoughts as Ronald Reagan ( he was his frailty president for eight old ages ) . George Bush? s version of the Drug War started on September 5, 1989, when he made his ain attempt to halting drug maltreatment. His program called for 7.9 Billion dollars from Congress in order to pay for increased jurisprudence enforcement ( $ 6.3 billion ) and more money for prisons ( $ 1.6 Billion ) . Bush? s chief attempt was to assail the drug demand, and non truly aim the supply, bar and intervention. The logic was that if the demand could be greatly decreased the other things would non be as of import. He made the provinces comply and threatened to cut their support if they did non ( Check 2 ) . George Bush did do a really of import determination with respect to the fillet of drugs being imported from South America. He made the determination to occupy Panama, and arrest Manuel Noriega, a ill-famed General that was assisting to help drug trafficking from So uth America. American military personnels surrounded Noriega and he surrendered, he was arrested and brought to test in the United States where he was convicted of a assortment of charges ( ? George Bush? 4 ) . Which include? cocaine trafficking, racketeering, and money laundering, taging the first clip in history that a U.S. jury had convicted a foreign caput of province of felon charges? ( Noriega 1 ) . George Bush? s program to contend drugs was besides slightly effectual. Cocaine usage was down 21 % over his disposal ( Check 2 ) and down 80 % overall from 1985 until the terminal of the Bush disposal ( Bennett 140 ) . Bush took a good base on drugs, and achieved consequences. He had successfully curbed drug usage and successfully arrested one of the largest drug providers in the universe. Overall the Bush disposal had been comparatively successful with respects to halting drug maltreatment, despite passing big sums of money to battle the job. As the Clinton Administration started in 1992 drug usage began to lift once more. He did go on the tradition of passing big sums of money on commanding illicit drugs in the United States. But unlike his predecessors Ronald Reagan and George Bush, he did non achieve about the consequences that they did. Drug usage was up about across the board, in 1993 about 13 % of all 8th graders had smoke marijuana. This was over dual the per centum that had on two old ages earlier in 1991 under George Bush. A Michigan research worker described it as? a job that is acquiring worse at a reasonably rapid pace. ? Under the Clinton Administration Cocaine, Heroin, and Marijuana had all reached new degrees of usage ( Bennett 140 ) . Many more people are being convicted of drug related offenses, which seems like the policies are working but this is non needfully the instance. Today about 93 % of all inmates have a drug related charge. The legal system with respect to drugs can be racially biased every bit good. The punishments for possessing? cleft? cocaine are much stiffer than for pulverization cocaine, even though the two substances are chemically indistinguishable. ? Crack? cocaine is more of a street drug than pulverization, and? cleft? is by and large much cheaper. As a consequence, many hapless, minority communities are caught with cleft alternatively of the pulverization sort of cocaine. This makes them susceptible to much stiffer punishments and compulsory minimal sentences. This coupled with the fact that many minorities can non normally afford good legal council normally puts them in a state of affairs where they have to plea deal and will decidedly acquire jail clip ( Burdge 3 ) . ? Since the passage of compulsory minimal sentencing for drug users, the Federal Bureau of Prisons budget increased by more than 1,350 % , from $ 220 million in 1986 to about $ 3.19 billion in 1997 ( Bureau of Justice Statistics 20 ) . Overcrowding in prisons is one of the biggest jobs with the modern twenty-four hours justness system. It takes monolithic sums of resources to run them and there are excessively many inmates that likely should non even be in gaol in the first topographic point. ? In 1998, the United States imprisoned more than 1,185,000 people for nonviolent discourtesies at an one-year cost of more than $ 24 billion? ( Irwin 7 ) . The sum of taxpayer money that is being wasted in prisons is really alarming ; it seems as though alternate methods should be reached. ? Assuming recent captivity rates remain unchanged, an estimated 1 of every 20 Americans ( 5 % ) can be expected to function clip in prison during their life-time. For Afro-american work forces, the figure is greater than 1 in 4 ( 28.5 % ) ? ( Bonczar 1 ) . In 1997 the entire inmate population was estimated at 1.36 million grownups. The entire cost for? Correctionss, judicial, legal and police costs: $ 71,465 per inmate? ( Bureau of Justice Statistics 4 ) . These statistics are galvanizing, and these are non the lone jobs with the modern twenty-four hours drug war. It appears that excessively many basic American values have been undermined in the name of the drug war ( ? Is Truth the Casualty? ? 3 ) . Police and other governments in many instances are mistreating power and withstanding certain civil and human rights provided by the United States Constitution. ? In 1996, 71 % of all wire lights-outs were authorized for province and federal narcotics enforcement. To contrast, merely 2.8 % were for snatch, extortion, theft, larceny, loansharking, vigorish and graft, combined? ( Maguire 418 ) . These Numberss show that the authorities appears to be seting excessively much attempt into drug enforcement, the authorities is giving drug hatchet mans excessively much freedom to look into anyhow they please. Regardless if there is a drug job or non, taking civil autonomies and go againsting the fundamental law is non what the American populace had in head for a drug free America. The United States authorities and its drug policies have become so rigorous and the people in charge have become so obstinate, that they refuse to see anything otherwise. And they refuse to see that the war has been lost. From 1994 to 1995 cocaine production had increased by 20 dozenss and cocaine ictuss had dropped by 73 dozenss. As a consequence about 33 % or 93 more dozenss of cocaine were on the street than in 1994. In 1995 32 dozenss of diacetylmorphine was seized, the authorities estimates that merely 11 dozenss of diacetylmorphine will provide the state. Even drug Czar Barry McCaffrey said, ? [ apprehensions ] will non work out the drug problem. ? He suggests that people coming to their senses and to halt utilizing it will be the lone hope for a drug free America. One of the biggest jobs in drug bar schemes has been the failure to introduce. The authorities has used the same methods for the last 20 old ages and kids merely tune them out by now. Most adolescents have non seen d rugs destroy lives as they have been advertised to make. And most parents from the 60s and 70s that used drugs experience uncomfortable stating their childs non to utilize them, because they did themselves ( Witkin 60 ) . It? s obvious that the? drug war? as Ronald Reagan intended it has non gone harmonizing to program. Since Clinton? s disposal began, consequences have gone downhill, and go oning this? war? is going really dearly-won. There are a twosome of possible solutions ; many people feel that legalising certain drugs would be the best solution. This seems as though it would merely go a pestilence on society, similar to tobacco and alcohol. It would besides be really hard to implement many of the bing Torahs. Some politicians feel like that by rehabilitating drug users it will be cheaper and more effectual than seting them in prison. At the same clip some politicians feel that we should merely be harder on drug users. There is non truly much more we can make in footings of doing Torahs tougher on drug users. They are already really tough and are non working and are devouring monolithic sums of money for enforcement. Rehabilitation seems like it would work, and much more cost effectual than roug h intervention. Compulsory intervention for drug users seems like it would be a solution at least deserving seeking on a national graduated table. This has been tried in Arizona, where non-violent users and Sellerss are being sent to rehab alternatively of gaol. This policy appears to be acquiring consequences and may be ready for a attempt on the national degree ( Beals 25 ) . Bibliography Work Cited America? s Habit. Shaffer Library of Drug Policy. 15 February 2000. . Bauman, Robert. ? Take it Away. ? National Review. 20 February 1995: 34-8. Beals, Gregory. ? The Buzz on Drugs. ? Newsweek. 6 September 1999:25-9. Bennett, William J. ? We? rhenium Losing the Drug War. ? The World and I. June 1995:140 Bonczar, T.P. and A.J. Beck. Lifetime Likelihood of Traveling to State or Federal Prison. 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